Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells
The development of functional cosmetics with skin improvement effects from natural sources is necessary. In this study, the antioxidant, antiwrinkling, moisturizing, and whitening effects of <i>Gardeniae fructus</i> extract (GF) were investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibrob...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Cosmetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/3/48 |
| _version_ | 1818215720600731648 |
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| author | Se Hyang Hong Jin Mo Ku Seung Hwan Lee Ho Jong Shim Dong Sun Park Joo Won Sung Yong Cheol Shin Seong-Gyu Ko |
| author_facet | Se Hyang Hong Jin Mo Ku Seung Hwan Lee Ho Jong Shim Dong Sun Park Joo Won Sung Yong Cheol Shin Seong-Gyu Ko |
| author_sort | Se Hyang Hong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of functional cosmetics with skin improvement effects from natural sources is necessary. In this study, the antioxidant, antiwrinkling, moisturizing, and whitening effects of <i>Gardeniae fructus</i> extract (GF) were investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Antioxidant activity was determined by a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. MMP-1, MMP-9, HAS1, and filaggrin mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. MITF and tyrosinase protein levels were evaluated by blotting analysis in melanocytes. DPPH free radical activity was investigated to determine whether GF showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity. GF induced the upregulation of HAS1 and filaggrin mRNA expression in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. GF led to the downregulation of MMP mRNA levels in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. Western blotting was performed to confirm the whitening-related protein (MITF and tyrosinase) levels induced by GF in melanocytes, and the inhibitory activity was superior to that of the α-MSH used for the comparison test. GF showed marked antioxidant, antiwrinkling, skin moisturizing, and whitening activity in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Through the results of these experiments, the applicability of GF as a natural and functional cosmetic material was verified. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:40:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fcf7ea34ce94bcbb135209e45490fba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9284 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:40:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cosmetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fcf7ea34ce94bcbb135209e45490fba2022-12-22T00:34:20ZengMDPI AGCosmetics2079-92842019-08-01634810.3390/cosmetics6030048cosmetics6030048Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast CellsSe Hyang Hong0Jin Mo Ku1Seung Hwan Lee2Ho Jong Shim3Dong Sun Park4Joo Won Sung5Yong Cheol Shin6Seong-Gyu Ko7Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaThe development of functional cosmetics with skin improvement effects from natural sources is necessary. In this study, the antioxidant, antiwrinkling, moisturizing, and whitening effects of <i>Gardeniae fructus</i> extract (GF) were investigated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Antioxidant activity was determined by a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. MMP-1, MMP-9, HAS1, and filaggrin mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. MITF and tyrosinase protein levels were evaluated by blotting analysis in melanocytes. DPPH free radical activity was investigated to determine whether GF showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity. GF induced the upregulation of HAS1 and filaggrin mRNA expression in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. GF led to the downregulation of MMP mRNA levels in keratinocytes and fibroblast cells. Western blotting was performed to confirm the whitening-related protein (MITF and tyrosinase) levels induced by GF in melanocytes, and the inhibitory activity was superior to that of the α-MSH used for the comparison test. GF showed marked antioxidant, antiwrinkling, skin moisturizing, and whitening activity in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblast cells. Through the results of these experiments, the applicability of GF as a natural and functional cosmetic material was verified.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/3/48antiwrinklemoisturizingwhiteningfunctional cosmeticnatural cosmeticskin improvement effects |
| spellingShingle | Se Hyang Hong Jin Mo Ku Seung Hwan Lee Ho Jong Shim Dong Sun Park Joo Won Sung Yong Cheol Shin Seong-Gyu Ko Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells Cosmetics antiwrinkle moisturizing whitening functional cosmetic natural cosmetic skin improvement effects |
| title | Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells |
| title_full | Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells |
| title_fullStr | Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells |
| title_short | Skin Improvement Effects of <i>Gardeniae</i> <i>fructus</i> Extract in HaCaT Keratinocytes, B16F10 Melanocytes, and CCD-986sk Fibroblast Cells |
| title_sort | skin improvement effects of i gardeniae i i fructus i extract in hacat keratinocytes b16f10 melanocytes and ccd 986sk fibroblast cells |
| topic | antiwrinkle moisturizing whitening functional cosmetic natural cosmetic skin improvement effects |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/3/48 |
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