A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters
As depression is projected to become the leading mental disease burden globally by 2030, understanding the underlying pathology, as well as screening potential anti-depressants with a higher efficacy, faster onset of action, and/or fewer side-effects is essential. A commonly used test for screening...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Pharmacological Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823002736 |
| _version_ | 1797660486977716224 |
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| author | Christiane Brandwein Cathalijn H.C. Leenaars Laura Becker Natascha Pfeiffer Ana-Maria Iorgu Melissa Hahn Gaia A. Vairani Lars Lewejohann André Bleich Anne S. Mallien Peter Gass |
| author_facet | Christiane Brandwein Cathalijn H.C. Leenaars Laura Becker Natascha Pfeiffer Ana-Maria Iorgu Melissa Hahn Gaia A. Vairani Lars Lewejohann André Bleich Anne S. Mallien Peter Gass |
| author_sort | Christiane Brandwein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As depression is projected to become the leading mental disease burden globally by 2030, understanding the underlying pathology, as well as screening potential anti-depressants with a higher efficacy, faster onset of action, and/or fewer side-effects is essential. A commonly used test for screening novel antidepressants and studying depression-linked aspects in rodents is the Porsolt Forced Swim Test. The present systematic mappping review gives a comprehensive overview of the evolution and of the most prevalently used set-ups of this test in rats, including the choice of animals (strain, sex, and age), technical aspects of protocol and environment, as well as reported outcome measures. Additionally, we provide an accessible list of all existing publications, to support informed decision-making for procedural and technical aspects of the test, to thereby enhance reproducibility and comparability. This should further contribute to reducing the number of unnecessarily replicated experiments, and consequently, reduce the number of animals used in future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:31:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fd7811df4754f24849ecd19164f9ef6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1096-1186 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:31:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacological Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fd7811df4754f24849ecd19164f9ef62023-10-13T11:03:39ZengElsevierPharmacological Research1096-11862023-10-01196106917A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parametersChristiane Brandwein0Cathalijn H.C. Leenaars1Laura Becker2Natascha Pfeiffer3Ana-Maria Iorgu4Melissa Hahn5Gaia A. Vairani6Lars Lewejohann7André Bleich8Anne S. Mallien9Peter Gass10Research Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Correspondence to: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Research Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyGerman Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Center for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Max‑Dohrn‑Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Institute of Animal Welfare, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyResearch Group Animal Models in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyAs depression is projected to become the leading mental disease burden globally by 2030, understanding the underlying pathology, as well as screening potential anti-depressants with a higher efficacy, faster onset of action, and/or fewer side-effects is essential. A commonly used test for screening novel antidepressants and studying depression-linked aspects in rodents is the Porsolt Forced Swim Test. The present systematic mappping review gives a comprehensive overview of the evolution and of the most prevalently used set-ups of this test in rats, including the choice of animals (strain, sex, and age), technical aspects of protocol and environment, as well as reported outcome measures. Additionally, we provide an accessible list of all existing publications, to support informed decision-making for procedural and technical aspects of the test, to thereby enhance reproducibility and comparability. This should further contribute to reducing the number of unnecessarily replicated experiments, and consequently, reduce the number of animals used in future.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823002736FSTPorsoltSystematic reviewRatsForced Swim Test |
| spellingShingle | Christiane Brandwein Cathalijn H.C. Leenaars Laura Becker Natascha Pfeiffer Ana-Maria Iorgu Melissa Hahn Gaia A. Vairani Lars Lewejohann André Bleich Anne S. Mallien Peter Gass A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters Pharmacological Research FST Porsolt Systematic review Rats Forced Swim Test |
| title | A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters |
| title_full | A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters |
| title_fullStr | A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters |
| title_full_unstemmed | A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters |
| title_short | A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters |
| title_sort | systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat forced swim test protocols and outcome parameters |
| topic | FST Porsolt Systematic review Rats Forced Swim Test |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823002736 |
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