Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings
Introduction: The vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) has a significant amount of discharge, and serious pollution, which makes it difficult to use directly as a resources resource.Methods: High-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB) was prepared using VTIOTs as the main raw material...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1214184/full |
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| author | Pingju Bao Jianlin Jing Yang Qi Jintao Ma Haoyan Ping Changlong Wang Zhibing Liu Yongchao Zheng Yuxin Zhai Feng Liu |
| author_facet | Pingju Bao Jianlin Jing Yang Qi Jintao Ma Haoyan Ping Changlong Wang Zhibing Liu Yongchao Zheng Yuxin Zhai Feng Liu |
| author_sort | Pingju Bao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) has a significant amount of discharge, and serious pollution, which makes it difficult to use directly as a resources resource.Methods: High-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB) was prepared using VTIOTs as the main raw material. The orthogonal test, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) were obtained to study the basic properties and firing mechanism of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs, and an economic benefit evaluation was conducted on the project investment of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs.Results: The results show that when the content of VTIOTs in HSFWPB is 78%, the firing temperature (FT) is 1080°C and the holding time is 120 min, the compressive strength and permeability coefficient of the fired product reach 70.4 MPa and 0.055 cmˑs−1, respectively, which meet the requirements of Cc60 grade products in Water permeable brick (JC/T 945–2005). The products of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs after firing are diopside (CaMgSi2O6) and augite (Ca (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al)2O6), with the increase of FT and the extension of HT, the low melting point elements of P, Na, K dissolve out, and the content of Fe and Al in the firing products increases, most of Ca2+ in diopside is replaced by Fe3+, so that augite becomes the main crystal phase. With the increase of FT, the pores in the fired products are changed from: closed pores with different sizes→ connected pores with irregular diameters→ irregular collapse pores→ small and uniform circular pores, which provides a guarantee for the permeability of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs.Discussion: The full investment payback period of the project of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs is 1.77 years. When the production reaches 48.585% of the design output, it reaches a breakeven point, and the project has strong risk resistance ability. The research has improved the utilization rate of VTIOTs and provided a new approach for the large-scale application of VTIOTs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:04Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0feca7a41917419dbf6674962f210841 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:26:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0feca7a41917419dbf6674962f2108412023-06-15T05:27:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632023-06-011110.3389/feart.2023.12141841214184Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailingsPingju Bao0Jianlin Jing1Yang Qi2Jintao Ma3Haoyan Ping4Changlong Wang5Zhibing Liu6Yongchao Zheng7Yuxin Zhai8Feng Liu9School of Management Engineering and Business, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Regulation and Integrated Management of Water Resources Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, ChinaBeijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research, State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing, ChinaChina Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaConstruction Development Co., Ltd., China Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaIntroduction: The vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) has a significant amount of discharge, and serious pollution, which makes it difficult to use directly as a resources resource.Methods: High-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB) was prepared using VTIOTs as the main raw material. The orthogonal test, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) were obtained to study the basic properties and firing mechanism of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs, and an economic benefit evaluation was conducted on the project investment of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs.Results: The results show that when the content of VTIOTs in HSFWPB is 78%, the firing temperature (FT) is 1080°C and the holding time is 120 min, the compressive strength and permeability coefficient of the fired product reach 70.4 MPa and 0.055 cmˑs−1, respectively, which meet the requirements of Cc60 grade products in Water permeable brick (JC/T 945–2005). The products of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs after firing are diopside (CaMgSi2O6) and augite (Ca (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al)2O6), with the increase of FT and the extension of HT, the low melting point elements of P, Na, K dissolve out, and the content of Fe and Al in the firing products increases, most of Ca2+ in diopside is replaced by Fe3+, so that augite becomes the main crystal phase. With the increase of FT, the pores in the fired products are changed from: closed pores with different sizes→ connected pores with irregular diameters→ irregular collapse pores→ small and uniform circular pores, which provides a guarantee for the permeability of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs.Discussion: The full investment payback period of the project of HSFWPB containing VTIOTs is 1.77 years. When the production reaches 48.585% of the design output, it reaches a breakeven point, and the project has strong risk resistance ability. The research has improved the utilization rate of VTIOTs and provided a new approach for the large-scale application of VTIOTs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1214184/fullvanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs)high-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB)basic propertyfiring mechanismbenefit evaluationaugite |
| spellingShingle | Pingju Bao Jianlin Jing Yang Qi Jintao Ma Haoyan Ping Changlong Wang Zhibing Liu Yongchao Zheng Yuxin Zhai Feng Liu Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings Frontiers in Earth Science vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) high-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB) basic property firing mechanism benefit evaluation augite |
| title | Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings |
| title_full | Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings |
| title_fullStr | Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings |
| title_short | Firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high-strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings |
| title_sort | firing mechanism and benefit evaluation of high strength fired water permeable brick containing vanadium titanium iron ore tailings |
| topic | vanadium-titanium iron ore tailings (VTIOTs) high-strength fired water permeable brick (HSFWPB) basic property firing mechanism benefit evaluation augite |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2023.1214184/full |
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