An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for p...
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IEEE
2019-01-01
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Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/ |
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author | Chung-Yi Li Hai-Han Lu Yun-Chieh Wang Zhen-Han Wang Chung-Wei Su Yi-Feng Lu Wen-Shing Tsai |
author_facet | Chung-Yi Li Hai-Han Lu Yun-Chieh Wang Zhen-Han Wang Chung-Wei Su Yi-Feng Lu Wen-Shing Tsai |
author_sort | Chung-Yi Li |
collection | DOAJ |
description | With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for providing long-haul free-space with underwater links. An 82-m 9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system employing a 405-nm blue-light injection-locked laser diode (LD) is thereby offered and practically demonstrated. Results reveal that a 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-light injection-locked LD can be effectively applied for a 9-Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission over 50-m FSO link, 30-m graded-index (GI)-POF transportation, and 2 m clear ocean underwater channel. To the authors' understanding, this study is the first to practically build an 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system that effectively constructs a long-haul optical wireless-wired-wireless link using doublet lenses, GI-POF, and optical beam reducer. The performances of the proposed convergent systems are analyzed by bit error rate and non-return-to-zero eye diagram in real-time over an 82-m transport. This framework is the leading one to establish a long-haul FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system with qualified transmission performances. It guides a promising way to facilitate wide applications in the convergence of FSO, POF, and UWOC. |
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id | doaj.art-0fed7762b82c40d18ce4bdb1e74cd445 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1943-0655 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:27:33Z |
publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
publisher | IEEE |
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series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
spelling | doaj.art-0fed7762b82c40d18ce4bdb1e74cd4452022-12-21T19:55:03ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552019-01-011111910.1109/JPHOT.2018.28905148598782An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent SystemChung-Yi Li0Hai-Han Lu1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-4704Yun-Chieh Wang2Zhen-Han Wang3Chung-Wei Su4Yi-Feng Lu5Wen-Shing Tsai6Department of Communication Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, TaiwanWith the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for providing long-haul free-space with underwater links. An 82-m 9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system employing a 405-nm blue-light injection-locked laser diode (LD) is thereby offered and practically demonstrated. Results reveal that a 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-light injection-locked LD can be effectively applied for a 9-Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission over 50-m FSO link, 30-m graded-index (GI)-POF transportation, and 2 m clear ocean underwater channel. To the authors' understanding, this study is the first to practically build an 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system that effectively constructs a long-haul optical wireless-wired-wireless link using doublet lenses, GI-POF, and optical beam reducer. The performances of the proposed convergent systems are analyzed by bit error rate and non-return-to-zero eye diagram in real-time over an 82-m transport. This framework is the leading one to establish a long-haul FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system with qualified transmission performances. It guides a promising way to facilitate wide applications in the convergence of FSO, POF, and UWOC.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/Four-level pulse amplitude modulationfree-space opticalgraded-index plastic optical fiberunderwater wireless optical communication |
spellingShingle | Chung-Yi Li Hai-Han Lu Yun-Chieh Wang Zhen-Han Wang Chung-Wei Su Yi-Feng Lu Wen-Shing Tsai An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System IEEE Photonics Journal Four-level pulse amplitude modulation free-space optical graded-index plastic optical fiber underwater wireless optical communication |
title | An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System |
title_full | An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System |
title_fullStr | An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System |
title_full_unstemmed | An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System |
title_short | An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System |
title_sort | 82 m 9 gb s pam4 fso pof uwoc convergent system |
topic | Four-level pulse amplitude modulation free-space optical graded-index plastic optical fiber underwater wireless optical communication |
url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/ |
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