An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System

With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for p...

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Main Authors: Chung-Yi Li, Hai-Han Lu, Yun-Chieh Wang, Zhen-Han Wang, Chung-Wei Su, Yi-Feng Lu, Wen-Shing Tsai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2019-01-01
Series:IEEE Photonics Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/
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author Chung-Yi Li
Hai-Han Lu
Yun-Chieh Wang
Zhen-Han Wang
Chung-Wei Su
Yi-Feng Lu
Wen-Shing Tsai
author_facet Chung-Yi Li
Hai-Han Lu
Yun-Chieh Wang
Zhen-Han Wang
Chung-Wei Su
Yi-Feng Lu
Wen-Shing Tsai
author_sort Chung-Yi Li
collection DOAJ
description With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for providing long-haul free-space with underwater links. An 82-m 9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system employing a 405-nm blue-light injection-locked laser diode (LD) is thereby offered and practically demonstrated. Results reveal that a 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-light injection-locked LD can be effectively applied for a 9-Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission over 50-m FSO link, 30-m graded-index (GI)-POF transportation, and 2 m clear ocean underwater channel. To the authors' understanding, this study is the first to practically build an 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system that effectively constructs a long-haul optical wireless-wired-wireless link using doublet lenses, GI-POF, and optical beam reducer. The performances of the proposed convergent systems are analyzed by bit error rate and non-return-to-zero eye diagram in real-time over an 82-m transport. This framework is the leading one to establish a long-haul FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system with qualified transmission performances. It guides a promising way to facilitate wide applications in the convergence of FSO, POF, and UWOC.
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spelling doaj.art-0fed7762b82c40d18ce4bdb1e74cd4452022-12-21T19:55:03ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552019-01-011111910.1109/JPHOT.2018.28905148598782An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent SystemChung-Yi Li0Hai-Han Lu1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-4704Yun-Chieh Wang2Zhen-Han Wang3Chung-Wei Su4Yi-Feng Lu5Wen-Shing Tsai6Department of Communication Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, TaiwanWith the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for providing long-haul free-space with underwater links. An 82-m 9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system employing a 405-nm blue-light injection-locked laser diode (LD) is thereby offered and practically demonstrated. Results reveal that a 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-light injection-locked LD can be effectively applied for a 9-Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission over 50-m FSO link, 30-m graded-index (GI)-POF transportation, and 2 m clear ocean underwater channel. To the authors' understanding, this study is the first to practically build an 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system that effectively constructs a long-haul optical wireless-wired-wireless link using doublet lenses, GI-POF, and optical beam reducer. The performances of the proposed convergent systems are analyzed by bit error rate and non-return-to-zero eye diagram in real-time over an 82-m transport. This framework is the leading one to establish a long-haul FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system with qualified transmission performances. It guides a promising way to facilitate wide applications in the convergence of FSO, POF, and UWOC.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/Four-level pulse amplitude modulationfree-space opticalgraded-index plastic optical fiberunderwater wireless optical communication
spellingShingle Chung-Yi Li
Hai-Han Lu
Yun-Chieh Wang
Zhen-Han Wang
Chung-Wei Su
Yi-Feng Lu
Wen-Shing Tsai
An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
IEEE Photonics Journal
Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
free-space optical
graded-index plastic optical fiber
underwater wireless optical communication
title An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
title_full An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
title_fullStr An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
title_full_unstemmed An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
title_short An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System
title_sort 82 m 9 gb s pam4 fso pof uwoc convergent system
topic Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
free-space optical
graded-index plastic optical fiber
underwater wireless optical communication
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8598782/
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