Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals
Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine antibody response under real-world conditions. This longitudinal study investigated the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in 846 specimens from 350 patients, comparing BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals (19 previ...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Clinical investigation
2021-10-01
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| Series: | JCI Insight |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151477 |
| _version_ | 1828823614524227584 |
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| author | Sabrina E. Racine-Brzostek Jim K. Yee Ashley Sukhu Yuqing Qiu Sophie Rand Paul D. Barone Ying Hao He S. Yang Qing H. Meng Fred S. Apple Yuanyuan Shi Amy Chadburn Encouse Golden Silvia C. Formenti Melissa M. Cushing Zhen Zhao |
| author_facet | Sabrina E. Racine-Brzostek Jim K. Yee Ashley Sukhu Yuqing Qiu Sophie Rand Paul D. Barone Ying Hao He S. Yang Qing H. Meng Fred S. Apple Yuanyuan Shi Amy Chadburn Encouse Golden Silvia C. Formenti Melissa M. Cushing Zhen Zhao |
| author_sort | Sabrina E. Racine-Brzostek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine antibody response under real-world conditions. This longitudinal study investigated the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in 846 specimens from 350 patients, comparing BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals (19 previously diagnosed with COVID-19, termed RecoVax; and 49 never diagnosed, termed NaiveVax) with 122 hospitalized unvaccinated (HospNoVax) and 160 outpatient unvaccinated (OutPtNoVax) COVID-19 patients. NaiveVax experienced delay in generating SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (TAb) and surrogate neutralizing antibodies (SNAb) after the first vaccine dose (D1) but rapid increase in antibody levels after the second dose (D2). However, these never reached RecoVax’s robust levels. In fact, NaiveVax TAb and SNAb levels decreased 4 weeks after D2. For the most part, RecoVax TAb persisted, after reaching maximal levels 2 weeks after D2, but SNAb decreased significantly about 6 months after D1. Although NaiveVax avidity lagged behind that of RecoVax for most of the follow-up periods, NaiveVax did reach similar avidity by about 6 months after D1. These data suggest that 1 vaccine dose elicits maximal antibody response in RecoVax and may be sufficient. Also, despite decreasing levels in TAb and SNAb over time, long-term avidity may be a measure worth evaluating and possibly correlating to vaccine efficacy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:38:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ff3415de392467d81532b6d2deca421 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-3708 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:38:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Clinical investigation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCI Insight |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ff3415de392467d81532b6d2deca4212022-12-22T00:22:51ZengAmerican Society for Clinical investigationJCI Insight2379-37082021-10-01620Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individualsSabrina E. Racine-BrzostekJim K. YeeAshley SukhuYuqing QiuSophie RandPaul D. BaroneYing HaoHe S. YangQing H. MengFred S. AppleYuanyuan ShiAmy ChadburnEncouse GoldenSilvia C. FormentiMelissa M. CushingZhen ZhaoLongitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine antibody response under real-world conditions. This longitudinal study investigated the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in 846 specimens from 350 patients, comparing BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals (19 previously diagnosed with COVID-19, termed RecoVax; and 49 never diagnosed, termed NaiveVax) with 122 hospitalized unvaccinated (HospNoVax) and 160 outpatient unvaccinated (OutPtNoVax) COVID-19 patients. NaiveVax experienced delay in generating SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (TAb) and surrogate neutralizing antibodies (SNAb) after the first vaccine dose (D1) but rapid increase in antibody levels after the second dose (D2). However, these never reached RecoVax’s robust levels. In fact, NaiveVax TAb and SNAb levels decreased 4 weeks after D2. For the most part, RecoVax TAb persisted, after reaching maximal levels 2 weeks after D2, but SNAb decreased significantly about 6 months after D1. Although NaiveVax avidity lagged behind that of RecoVax for most of the follow-up periods, NaiveVax did reach similar avidity by about 6 months after D1. These data suggest that 1 vaccine dose elicits maximal antibody response in RecoVax and may be sufficient. Also, despite decreasing levels in TAb and SNAb over time, long-term avidity may be a measure worth evaluating and possibly correlating to vaccine efficacy.https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151477COVID-19Immunology |
| spellingShingle | Sabrina E. Racine-Brzostek Jim K. Yee Ashley Sukhu Yuqing Qiu Sophie Rand Paul D. Barone Ying Hao He S. Yang Qing H. Meng Fred S. Apple Yuanyuan Shi Amy Chadburn Encouse Golden Silvia C. Formenti Melissa M. Cushing Zhen Zhao Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals JCI Insight COVID-19 Immunology |
| title | Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals |
| title_full | Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals |
| title_fullStr | Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals |
| title_short | Rapid, robust, and sustainable antibody responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in convalescent COVID-19 individuals |
| title_sort | rapid robust and sustainable antibody responses to mrna covid 19 vaccine in convalescent covid 19 individuals |
| topic | COVID-19 Immunology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151477 |
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