Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022
A systematic surveillance against influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the <i>Suidae</i> population is essential, considering their role as IAV mixing vessels. However, the viral circulation in wild <i>Sus scrofa</i> species is poorly investigated in comparison to the knowledge of I...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1593 |
| _version_ | 1797490648787451904 |
|---|---|
| author | Alice Prosperi Laura Soliani Elena Canelli Laura Baioni Valentina Gabbi Camilla Torreggiani Roberta Manfredi Irene Calanchi Giovanni Pupillo Filippo Barsi Patrizia Bassi Laura Fiorentini Matteo Frasnelli Maria Cristina Fontana Andrea Luppi Chiara Chiapponi |
| author_facet | Alice Prosperi Laura Soliani Elena Canelli Laura Baioni Valentina Gabbi Camilla Torreggiani Roberta Manfredi Irene Calanchi Giovanni Pupillo Filippo Barsi Patrizia Bassi Laura Fiorentini Matteo Frasnelli Maria Cristina Fontana Andrea Luppi Chiara Chiapponi |
| author_sort | Alice Prosperi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A systematic surveillance against influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the <i>Suidae</i> population is essential, considering their role as IAV mixing vessels. However, the viral circulation in wild <i>Sus scrofa</i> species is poorly investigated in comparison to the knowledge of IAV infection dynamics in domestic pigs. This study investigated the circulation and the genetic diversity of wild boars’ IAVs detected in the Emilia-Romagna region (2017–2022). A total of 4605 lung samples were screened via an M gene real-time RT-PCR for SwIAV; positive samples were subtyped by multiplex RT-PCR, and viral isolation was attempted. Isolated strains (3 out of the 17 positives) were fully sequenced to evaluate viral genotypic diversity. H1N1 was the most frequently detected subtype, with identification of H1pdm09N1 and H1avN1. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed SwIAVs belonging to different genotypes, with different genetic combinations, and highlighted the simultaneous circulation of the same genotypes in both pigs and wild boars, supporting the hypothesis of SwIAV spillover events at the wildlife–livestock interface. This study represents an update on the wild boar SwIAV Italian situation, and the strains’ complete genome analysis showed an evolving and interesting situation that deserves further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:36:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ff6f08daae345328c11b3db9b49d042 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:36:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ff6f08daae345328c11b3db9b49d0422023-11-23T15:15:48ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-06-011212159310.3390/ani12121593Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022Alice Prosperi0Laura Soliani1Elena Canelli2Laura Baioni3Valentina Gabbi4Camilla Torreggiani5Roberta Manfredi6Irene Calanchi7Giovanni Pupillo8Filippo Barsi9Patrizia Bassi10Laura Fiorentini11Matteo Frasnelli12Maria Cristina Fontana13Andrea Luppi14Chiara Chiapponi15OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalySwine Pratictioner—ECPHM Diplomate, 42030 Viano, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyOIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyA systematic surveillance against influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the <i>Suidae</i> population is essential, considering their role as IAV mixing vessels. However, the viral circulation in wild <i>Sus scrofa</i> species is poorly investigated in comparison to the knowledge of IAV infection dynamics in domestic pigs. This study investigated the circulation and the genetic diversity of wild boars’ IAVs detected in the Emilia-Romagna region (2017–2022). A total of 4605 lung samples were screened via an M gene real-time RT-PCR for SwIAV; positive samples were subtyped by multiplex RT-PCR, and viral isolation was attempted. Isolated strains (3 out of the 17 positives) were fully sequenced to evaluate viral genotypic diversity. H1N1 was the most frequently detected subtype, with identification of H1pdm09N1 and H1avN1. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed SwIAVs belonging to different genotypes, with different genetic combinations, and highlighted the simultaneous circulation of the same genotypes in both pigs and wild boars, supporting the hypothesis of SwIAV spillover events at the wildlife–livestock interface. This study represents an update on the wild boar SwIAV Italian situation, and the strains’ complete genome analysis showed an evolving and interesting situation that deserves further investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1593influenza A viruswild boarviral circulationgenetic characterization |
| spellingShingle | Alice Prosperi Laura Soliani Elena Canelli Laura Baioni Valentina Gabbi Camilla Torreggiani Roberta Manfredi Irene Calanchi Giovanni Pupillo Filippo Barsi Patrizia Bassi Laura Fiorentini Matteo Frasnelli Maria Cristina Fontana Andrea Luppi Chiara Chiapponi Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 Animals influenza A virus wild boar viral circulation genetic characterization |
| title | Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 |
| title_full | Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 |
| title_short | Influenza A in Wild Boars: Viral Circulation in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Northern Italy) between 2017 and 2022 |
| title_sort | influenza a in wild boars viral circulation in the emilia romagna region northern italy between 2017 and 2022 |
| topic | influenza A virus wild boar viral circulation genetic characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1593 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aliceprosperi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT laurasoliani influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT elenacanelli influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT laurabaioni influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT valentinagabbi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT camillatorreggiani influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT robertamanfredi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT irenecalanchi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT giovannipupillo influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT filippobarsi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT patriziabassi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT laurafiorentini influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT matteofrasnelli influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT mariacristinafontana influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT andrealuppi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 AT chiarachiapponi influenzaainwildboarsviralcirculationintheemiliaromagnaregionnorthernitalybetween2017and2022 |