Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study
<i>Background and Objectives:</i> There is lack of knowledge on whether mothers’ gestational diabetes (GDM) risk is related to their physical activity (PA) or their children’s PA and body composition. We aimed to examine the difference in (1) change in self-reported P...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/55/10/635 |
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| author | Marja H Leppänen Jani Raitanen Pauliina Husu Urho M Kujala Pipsa PA Tuominen Henri Vähä-Ypyä Riitta Luoto |
| author_facet | Marja H Leppänen Jani Raitanen Pauliina Husu Urho M Kujala Pipsa PA Tuominen Henri Vähä-Ypyä Riitta Luoto |
| author_sort | Marja H Leppänen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives:</i> There is lack of knowledge on whether mothers’ gestational diabetes (GDM) risk is related to their physical activity (PA) or their children’s PA and body composition. We aimed to examine the difference in (1) change in self-reported PA from pre-pregnancy to seven-year follow-up and (2) accelerometer-based PA at seven years after delivery between the mothers having GDM risk (GDMRyes-mothers) and not having GDM risk (GDMRno-mothers). Furthermore, we examined the difference in children’s PA and/or body composition at six years of age according to their mothers’ GDM risk. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> The study included 199 Finnish women. GDM risk factors were screened at the beginning of pregnancy, and the women were classified as GDMRyes-mothers if they had at least one GDM risk factor (body mass index ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; age ≥40 years; family history of diabetes; GDM, signs of glucose intolerance, or newborn’s macrosomia (≥4500 g) in earlier pregnancy) or as GDMRno-mothers if they had no risk factors. Mothers’ PA was assessed by self-reporting at 8−12 gestational weeks concerning pre-pregnancy PA and at a follow-up seven years after the delivery. Moreover, mothers’ and their children’s PA was measured using a triaxial Hookie AM20-accelerometer at seven years after delivery. Children’s body composition was assessed using a TANITA bioelectrical impedance device. Adjusted linear regression analyses were applied. <i>Results:</i> GDMRno-mothers increased their self-reported PA more than GDMRyes-mothers from pre-pregnancy to the seven-year follow-up. Concerning women’s measured PA as well as children’s PA and body composition at seven years after delivery, the differences were non-significant between GDMRyes-mothers and GDMRno-mothers. However, of the GDM risk factors, mothers’ pre-pregnancy body mass index was positively related to unhealthier body composition in boys at six years of age. <i>Conclusion:</i> Health promotion should be targeted at women with GDM risk factors, in particular overweight women, in enhancing women’s PA in the long term and their children’s healthy body composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:45:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ff7277e263042a2b5e518227b612b78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:45:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ff7277e263042a2b5e518227b612b782023-09-03T00:32:24ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X2019-09-01551063510.3390/medicina55100635medicina55100635Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up StudyMarja H Leppänen0Jani Raitanen1Pauliina Husu2Urho M Kujala3Pipsa PA Tuominen4Henri Vähä-Ypyä5Riitta Luoto6Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40100 Jyväskylä, FinlandThe UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, 33500 Tampere, FinlandThe UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, 33500 Tampere, FinlandFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40100 Jyväskylä, FinlandFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40100 Jyväskylä, FinlandThe UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, 33500 Tampere, FinlandFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere Finland<i>Background and Objectives:</i> There is lack of knowledge on whether mothers’ gestational diabetes (GDM) risk is related to their physical activity (PA) or their children’s PA and body composition. We aimed to examine the difference in (1) change in self-reported PA from pre-pregnancy to seven-year follow-up and (2) accelerometer-based PA at seven years after delivery between the mothers having GDM risk (GDMRyes-mothers) and not having GDM risk (GDMRno-mothers). Furthermore, we examined the difference in children’s PA and/or body composition at six years of age according to their mothers’ GDM risk. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> The study included 199 Finnish women. GDM risk factors were screened at the beginning of pregnancy, and the women were classified as GDMRyes-mothers if they had at least one GDM risk factor (body mass index ≥25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; age ≥40 years; family history of diabetes; GDM, signs of glucose intolerance, or newborn’s macrosomia (≥4500 g) in earlier pregnancy) or as GDMRno-mothers if they had no risk factors. Mothers’ PA was assessed by self-reporting at 8−12 gestational weeks concerning pre-pregnancy PA and at a follow-up seven years after the delivery. Moreover, mothers’ and their children’s PA was measured using a triaxial Hookie AM20-accelerometer at seven years after delivery. Children’s body composition was assessed using a TANITA bioelectrical impedance device. Adjusted linear regression analyses were applied. <i>Results:</i> GDMRno-mothers increased their self-reported PA more than GDMRyes-mothers from pre-pregnancy to the seven-year follow-up. Concerning women’s measured PA as well as children’s PA and body composition at seven years after delivery, the differences were non-significant between GDMRyes-mothers and GDMRno-mothers. However, of the GDM risk factors, mothers’ pre-pregnancy body mass index was positively related to unhealthier body composition in boys at six years of age. <i>Conclusion:</i> Health promotion should be targeted at women with GDM risk factors, in particular overweight women, in enhancing women’s PA in the long term and their children’s healthy body composition.https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/55/10/635exercisegestational diabetes risk factorspediatricsbody compositionfollow-up |
| spellingShingle | Marja H Leppänen Jani Raitanen Pauliina Husu Urho M Kujala Pipsa PA Tuominen Henri Vähä-Ypyä Riitta Luoto Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study Medicina exercise gestational diabetes risk factors pediatrics body composition follow-up |
| title | Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study |
| title_full | Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study |
| title_fullStr | Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study |
| title_short | Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother’s Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study |
| title_sort | physical activity and body composition in children and their mothers according to mother s gestational diabetes risk a seven year follow up study |
| topic | exercise gestational diabetes risk factors pediatrics body composition follow-up |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1010-660X/55/10/635 |
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