Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell
A NASICON-based Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (NVPF) cathode material is reported herein as a potential symmetric cell electrode material. The symmetric cell was active from 0 to 3.5 V and showed a cap...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/12045 |
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| author | Jeffin James Abraham Buzaina Moossa Hanan Abdurehman Tariq Ramazan Kahraman Siham Al-Qaradawi R. A. Shakoor |
| author_facet | Jeffin James Abraham Buzaina Moossa Hanan Abdurehman Tariq Ramazan Kahraman Siham Al-Qaradawi R. A. Shakoor |
| author_sort | Jeffin James Abraham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A NASICON-based Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (NVPF) cathode material is reported herein as a potential symmetric cell electrode material. The symmetric cell was active from 0 to 3.5 V and showed a capacity of 85 mAh/g at 0.1 C. With cycling, the NVPF symmetric cell showed a very long and stable cycle life, having a capacity retention of 61% after 1000 cycles at 1 C. The diffusion coefficient calculated from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) was found to be ~10<sup>−9</sup>–10<sup>−11</sup>, suggesting a smooth diffusion of Na<sup>+</sup> in the NVPF symmetric cell. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out during cycling showed increases in bulk resistance, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) resistance, and charge transfer resistance with the number of cycles, explaining the origin of capacity fade in the NVPF symmetric cell. Finally, the postmortem analysis of the symmetric cell after 1000 cycles at a 1 C rate indicated that the intercalation/de-intercalation of sodium into/from the host structure occurred without any major structural destabilization in both the cathode and anode. However, there was slight distortion in the cathode structure observed, which resulted in capacity loss of the symmetric cell. The promising electrochemical performance of NVPF in the symmetric cell makes it attractive for developing long-life and cost-effective batteries. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-0ff8443c33fb4d688529711c8ec55d902023-11-22T21:01:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-11-0122211204510.3390/ijms222112045Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric CellJeffin James Abraham0Buzaina Moossa1Hanan Abdurehman Tariq2Ramazan Kahraman3Siham Al-Qaradawi4R. A. Shakoor5Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCenter for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCenter for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarDepartment of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarCenter for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, QatarA NASICON-based Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> (NVPF) cathode material is reported herein as a potential symmetric cell electrode material. The symmetric cell was active from 0 to 3.5 V and showed a capacity of 85 mAh/g at 0.1 C. With cycling, the NVPF symmetric cell showed a very long and stable cycle life, having a capacity retention of 61% after 1000 cycles at 1 C. The diffusion coefficient calculated from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) was found to be ~10<sup>−9</sup>–10<sup>−11</sup>, suggesting a smooth diffusion of Na<sup>+</sup> in the NVPF symmetric cell. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) carried out during cycling showed increases in bulk resistance, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) resistance, and charge transfer resistance with the number of cycles, explaining the origin of capacity fade in the NVPF symmetric cell. Finally, the postmortem analysis of the symmetric cell after 1000 cycles at a 1 C rate indicated that the intercalation/de-intercalation of sodium into/from the host structure occurred without any major structural destabilization in both the cathode and anode. However, there was slight distortion in the cathode structure observed, which resulted in capacity loss of the symmetric cell. The promising electrochemical performance of NVPF in the symmetric cell makes it attractive for developing long-life and cost-effective batteries.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/12045fluorophosphatesymmetric cellbipolarcharge/discharge capacityCVGITT |
| spellingShingle | Jeffin James Abraham Buzaina Moossa Hanan Abdurehman Tariq Ramazan Kahraman Siham Al-Qaradawi R. A. Shakoor Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell International Journal of Molecular Sciences fluorophosphate symmetric cell bipolar charge/discharge capacity CV GITT |
| title | Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell |
| title_full | Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell |
| title_short | Electrochemical Performance of Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Electrode Material in a Symmetric Cell |
| title_sort | electrochemical performance of na sub 3 sub v sub 2 sub po sub 4 sub sub 2 sub f sub 3 sub electrode material in a symmetric cell |
| topic | fluorophosphate symmetric cell bipolar charge/discharge capacity CV GITT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/12045 |
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