Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress
Current attention has been given on health effects of combined exposure of nanoscale materials and organic pollutants. Nickel (II) oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) displays exceptional properties and is being used in various areas such as batteries, diesel–fuel additives, and biomedicals. Benzo[a]pyren...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002124 |
| _version_ | 1797774790307610624 |
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| author | Maqusood Ahamed Mohd Javed Akhtar Hisham A. Alhadlaq |
| author_facet | Maqusood Ahamed Mohd Javed Akhtar Hisham A. Alhadlaq |
| author_sort | Maqusood Ahamed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current attention has been given on health effects of combined exposure of nanoscale materials and organic pollutants. Nickel (II) oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) displays exceptional properties and is being used in various areas such as batteries, diesel–fuel additives, and biomedicals. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous pollutant. Cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust, and grilled foods are main sources of BaP exposure. Therefore, combined exposure of NiO NPs and BaP to humans is unavoidable. There is a dearth of knowledge on combined effects of NiO NPs and BaP in humans. This study was aimed to investigate co-exposure effects of NiO NPs and BaP in human liver cells (HepG2) and primary rat hepatocytes. We observed that individual and co-exposure of NiO NPs and BaP induced cytotoxicity, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, lipid peroxidation, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspases (-3 and -9) in both types of cells. Individual and co-exposure of NiO NPs and BaP further accelerated the generation of free oxygen radicals (reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide) and depletion of antioxidants (glutathione and various antioxidant enzymes). Remarkably, NiO NPs and BaP exerted synergistic toxicity to both HepG2 cells and primary rat hepatocytes. Moreover, combined toxicity of NiO NPs and BaP in both cells was mediated through free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress. This work warrants further research on risk assessment of co-exposure effects NiO NPs and BaP in an appropriate in vivo model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:26:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1005977e0e364dfbbed11f8a472d2e9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1018-3647 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:26:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-1005977e0e364dfbbed11f8a472d2e9a2023-07-22T04:51:29ZengElsevierJournal of King Saud University: Science1018-36472023-08-01356102750Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stressMaqusood Ahamed0Mohd Javed Akhtar1Hisham A. Alhadlaq2King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCurrent attention has been given on health effects of combined exposure of nanoscale materials and organic pollutants. Nickel (II) oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) displays exceptional properties and is being used in various areas such as batteries, diesel–fuel additives, and biomedicals. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous pollutant. Cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust, and grilled foods are main sources of BaP exposure. Therefore, combined exposure of NiO NPs and BaP to humans is unavoidable. There is a dearth of knowledge on combined effects of NiO NPs and BaP in humans. This study was aimed to investigate co-exposure effects of NiO NPs and BaP in human liver cells (HepG2) and primary rat hepatocytes. We observed that individual and co-exposure of NiO NPs and BaP induced cytotoxicity, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, lipid peroxidation, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspases (-3 and -9) in both types of cells. Individual and co-exposure of NiO NPs and BaP further accelerated the generation of free oxygen radicals (reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide) and depletion of antioxidants (glutathione and various antioxidant enzymes). Remarkably, NiO NPs and BaP exerted synergistic toxicity to both HepG2 cells and primary rat hepatocytes. Moreover, combined toxicity of NiO NPs and BaP in both cells was mediated through free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress. This work warrants further research on risk assessment of co-exposure effects NiO NPs and BaP in an appropriate in vivo model.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002124Combined toxicityNiO nanoparticlesBenzo[a]pyreneLiver cellsHuman healthCytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Maqusood Ahamed Mohd Javed Akhtar Hisham A. Alhadlaq Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress Journal of King Saud University: Science Combined toxicity NiO nanoparticles Benzo[a]pyrene Liver cells Human health Cytotoxicity |
| title | Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| title_full | Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| title_short | Synergistic toxicity of NiO nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene co-exposure in liver cells: Role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| title_sort | synergistic toxicity of nio nanoparticles and benzo a pyrene co exposure in liver cells role of free oxygen radicals induced oxidative stress |
| topic | Combined toxicity NiO nanoparticles Benzo[a]pyrene Liver cells Human health Cytotoxicity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723002124 |
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