Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison
Control of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes remains a big problem in ruminants under continuous grazing. For the purpose of decreasing the risk of infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. in captive bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) always maintained in the same plot, dried gelatins...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/1/82 |
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| author | Rami Salmo Cándido Viña Izaro Zubiria José Ángel Hernández Malagón Jaime M. Sanchís Cristiana Cazapal María Sol Arias Rita Sánchez-Andrade Adolfo Paz-Silva |
| author_facet | Rami Salmo Cándido Viña Izaro Zubiria José Ángel Hernández Malagón Jaime M. Sanchís Cristiana Cazapal María Sol Arias Rita Sánchez-Andrade Adolfo Paz-Silva |
| author_sort | Rami Salmo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Control of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes remains a big problem in ruminants under continuous grazing. For the purpose of decreasing the risk of infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. in captive bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) always maintained in the same plot, dried gelatins having ≥10<sup>6</sup> chlamydospores of both <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> and <i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i> were given to them for one week, and at the end, fecal samples (FF) collected each week for four weeks were analyzed immediately. Feces taken one week prior to gelatin administration served as controls (CF). Eggs of <i>Trichuris</i> sp. were sorted into non-viable and viable, then classified into viable undeveloped (VU), viable with cellular development (VCD), or viable infective (VI). Ovistatic and ovicidal effects were determined throughout the study. In FF, viability of <i>Trichuris</i> eggs decreased between 9% (first week) and 57% (fourth week), egg development was delayed during the first two weeks, and VI percentages were significantly lower than in CF (<i>p</i> = 0.001). It is concluded that the preparation of gelatins with chlamydospores of parasiticidal fungi and their subsequent dehydration offer an edible formulation that is ready to use, stress-free to supply, and easy to store, as well as being well-accepted by ruminants and highly efficient to reduce the risk of <i>Trichuris</i> sp. infection among animals under continuous grazing regimes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:38:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:38:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-10189a9405394c74ae00f3855d2f3f2d2024-01-26T18:03:51ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-01-011318210.3390/pathogens13010082Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing BisonRami Salmo0Cándido Viña1Izaro Zubiria2José Ángel Hernández Malagón3Jaime M. Sanchís4Cristiana Cazapal5María Sol Arias6Rita Sánchez-Andrade7Adolfo Paz-Silva8Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainParasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary, University of “La República” (Regional Litoral Norte), Salto 50000, UruguayControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainControl of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes remains a big problem in ruminants under continuous grazing. For the purpose of decreasing the risk of infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. in captive bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) always maintained in the same plot, dried gelatins having ≥10<sup>6</sup> chlamydospores of both <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> and <i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i> were given to them for one week, and at the end, fecal samples (FF) collected each week for four weeks were analyzed immediately. Feces taken one week prior to gelatin administration served as controls (CF). Eggs of <i>Trichuris</i> sp. were sorted into non-viable and viable, then classified into viable undeveloped (VU), viable with cellular development (VCD), or viable infective (VI). Ovistatic and ovicidal effects were determined throughout the study. In FF, viability of <i>Trichuris</i> eggs decreased between 9% (first week) and 57% (fourth week), egg development was delayed during the first two weeks, and VI percentages were significantly lower than in CF (<i>p</i> = 0.001). It is concluded that the preparation of gelatins with chlamydospores of parasiticidal fungi and their subsequent dehydration offer an edible formulation that is ready to use, stress-free to supply, and easy to store, as well as being well-accepted by ruminants and highly efficient to reduce the risk of <i>Trichuris</i> sp. infection among animals under continuous grazing regimes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/1/82helminth controlsustainability<i>Mucor circinelloides</i><i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i>dry gelatin |
| spellingShingle | Rami Salmo Cándido Viña Izaro Zubiria José Ángel Hernández Malagón Jaime M. Sanchís Cristiana Cazapal María Sol Arias Rita Sánchez-Andrade Adolfo Paz-Silva Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison Pathogens helminth control sustainability <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> <i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i> dry gelatin |
| title | Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison |
| title_full | Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison |
| title_fullStr | Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison |
| title_full_unstemmed | Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison |
| title_short | Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by <i>Trichuris</i> sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison |
| title_sort | formulating parasiticidal fungi in dried edible gelatins to reduce the risk of infection by i trichuris i sp among continuous grazing bison |
| topic | helminth control sustainability <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> <i>Duddingtonia flagrans</i> dry gelatin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/1/82 |
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