Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos
This article intends to examine debt as a basilar political–theological device acting in favor of the neoliberal <i>ethos</i>. The Papal Encyclical <i>Laudato Si</i> affirms in paragraph 52 that debt today serves the control over the poor peoples in the world. In this article...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Religions |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/285 |
| _version_ | 1797239493093228544 |
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| author | Douglas Ferreira Barros Glauco Barsalini |
| author_facet | Douglas Ferreira Barros Glauco Barsalini |
| author_sort | Douglas Ferreira Barros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article intends to examine debt as a basilar political–theological device acting in favor of the neoliberal <i>ethos</i>. The Papal Encyclical <i>Laudato Si</i> affirms in paragraph 52 that debt today serves the control over the poor peoples in the world. In this article we demonstrate how debt can be seen as a political–theological device that works as an instrument of this specific <i>ethos</i>, aligned with neoliberal principles. We intend to show how these elements are related using three analytical movements. In the first, we present how we understand political theology as a critical reflection about the forms of political power. We observe that power, in its form and in the way it operates, replicates the theological–political power <i>status</i> prior to modernity, operating an excluding inclusion machinery. In the second movement, we analyze the political theology machinery that impacts individuals in the operation of an “excluding inclusion”. Under the political–theological machinery, individuals, groups, or populations are considered as a part of the machinery; they are included because they are incorporated in the new organism as they are excluded from their original content—language, <i>ethos,</i> culture, and their constitution as subjects. Then, in the third, we present the notion of the device, explicitly, a device constituted by a web of odd components and flexible relations that, when isolated as independent elements, act in the subject’s formation. In these terms, debt as a device of the political–theological machinery works to form individuals; it is a device that operates the excluding inclusion to make subjects more and more adapted to the market rules and habits. The very sense of debt in the post-productive era is challenged. We present how the possible exits from this machinery involve not only the debate on the forgiveness of foreign debts, but also how they are intrinsically linked to the creation of a new <i>ethos</i>, new ways of life created by relations outside the orbit of debt control. The conclusion intends to show how necessary it is to restore to people new forms of control over a way of life that is not regulated and ruled by debt. The methodology employed analyzes arguments that originated from works and articles concerning this theme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:52:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10257b6341504508beac5e06b7ba45bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1444 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:52:24Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Religions |
| spelling | doaj.art-10257b6341504508beac5e06b7ba45bd2024-03-27T14:02:08ZengMDPI AGReligions2077-14442024-02-0115328510.3390/rel15030285Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal EthosDouglas Ferreira Barros0Glauco Barsalini1Faculty of Philosophy, School of Humanities, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas 13087-571, BrazilFaculty of Social Sciences, School of Humanities, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas 13087-571, BrazilThis article intends to examine debt as a basilar political–theological device acting in favor of the neoliberal <i>ethos</i>. The Papal Encyclical <i>Laudato Si</i> affirms in paragraph 52 that debt today serves the control over the poor peoples in the world. In this article we demonstrate how debt can be seen as a political–theological device that works as an instrument of this specific <i>ethos</i>, aligned with neoliberal principles. We intend to show how these elements are related using three analytical movements. In the first, we present how we understand political theology as a critical reflection about the forms of political power. We observe that power, in its form and in the way it operates, replicates the theological–political power <i>status</i> prior to modernity, operating an excluding inclusion machinery. In the second movement, we analyze the political theology machinery that impacts individuals in the operation of an “excluding inclusion”. Under the political–theological machinery, individuals, groups, or populations are considered as a part of the machinery; they are included because they are incorporated in the new organism as they are excluded from their original content—language, <i>ethos,</i> culture, and their constitution as subjects. Then, in the third, we present the notion of the device, explicitly, a device constituted by a web of odd components and flexible relations that, when isolated as independent elements, act in the subject’s formation. In these terms, debt as a device of the political–theological machinery works to form individuals; it is a device that operates the excluding inclusion to make subjects more and more adapted to the market rules and habits. The very sense of debt in the post-productive era is challenged. We present how the possible exits from this machinery involve not only the debate on the forgiveness of foreign debts, but also how they are intrinsically linked to the creation of a new <i>ethos</i>, new ways of life created by relations outside the orbit of debt control. The conclusion intends to show how necessary it is to restore to people new forms of control over a way of life that is not regulated and ruled by debt. The methodology employed analyzes arguments that originated from works and articles concerning this theme.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/285debtdevicepolitical theologypolitical–theological machineneoliberal <i>ethos</i> |
| spellingShingle | Douglas Ferreira Barros Glauco Barsalini Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos Religions debt device political theology political–theological machine neoliberal <i>ethos</i> |
| title | Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos |
| title_full | Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos |
| title_fullStr | Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos |
| title_short | Debt: A Political–Theological Device Acting in Favor of the Neoliberal Ethos |
| title_sort | debt a political theological device acting in favor of the neoliberal ethos |
| topic | debt device political theology political–theological machine neoliberal <i>ethos</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/285 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT douglasferreirabarros debtapoliticaltheologicaldeviceactinginfavoroftheneoliberalethos AT glaucobarsalini debtapoliticaltheologicaldeviceactinginfavoroftheneoliberalethos |