Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors
Abstract The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy ( $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - ) center shows excellent spin properties and sensing capabilities on the nanoscale even at room temperature. Shallow implanted $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers can effectively be protected from surface noise by chemical vapor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79943-2 |
| _version_ | 1818716613660114944 |
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| author | Christoph Findler Johannes Lang Christian Osterkamp Miloš Nesládek Fedor Jelezko |
| author_facet | Christoph Findler Johannes Lang Christian Osterkamp Miloš Nesládek Fedor Jelezko |
| author_sort | Christoph Findler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy ( $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - ) center shows excellent spin properties and sensing capabilities on the nanoscale even at room temperature. Shallow implanted $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers can effectively be protected from surface noise by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond overgrowth, i.e. burying them homogeneously deeper in the crystal. However, the origin of the substantial losses in $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers after overgrowth remains an open question. Here, we use shallow $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers to exclude surface etching and identify the passivation reaction of NV to NVH centers during the growth as the most likely reason. Indirect overgrowth featuring low energy (2.5–5 keV) nitrogen ion implantation and CVD diamond growth before the essential annealing step reduces this passivation phenomenon significantly. Furthermore, we find higher nitrogen doses to slow down the NV–NVH conversion kinetics, which gives insight into the sub-surface diffusion of hydrogen in diamond during growth. Finally, nano sensors fabricated by indirect overgrowth combine tremendously enhanced $$T_2$$ T 2 and $$T_2^*$$ T 2 ∗ times with an outstanding degree of depth-confinement which is not possible by implanting with higher energies alone. Our results improve the understanding of CVD diamond overgrowth and pave the way towards reliable and advanced engineering of shallow $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers for future quantum sensing devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T19:22:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1037e43f3b5546f7bd7ccbdc75392dd0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T19:22:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-1037e43f3b5546f7bd7ccbdc75392dd02022-12-21T21:35:29ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222020-12-011011910.1038/s41598-020-79943-2Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensorsChristoph Findler0Johannes Lang1Christian Osterkamp2Miloš Nesládek3Fedor Jelezko4Institute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm UniversityInstitute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm UniversityInstitute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm UniversityInstitute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm UniversityInstitute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST), Ulm UniversityAbstract The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy ( $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - ) center shows excellent spin properties and sensing capabilities on the nanoscale even at room temperature. Shallow implanted $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers can effectively be protected from surface noise by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond overgrowth, i.e. burying them homogeneously deeper in the crystal. However, the origin of the substantial losses in $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers after overgrowth remains an open question. Here, we use shallow $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers to exclude surface etching and identify the passivation reaction of NV to NVH centers during the growth as the most likely reason. Indirect overgrowth featuring low energy (2.5–5 keV) nitrogen ion implantation and CVD diamond growth before the essential annealing step reduces this passivation phenomenon significantly. Furthermore, we find higher nitrogen doses to slow down the NV–NVH conversion kinetics, which gives insight into the sub-surface diffusion of hydrogen in diamond during growth. Finally, nano sensors fabricated by indirect overgrowth combine tremendously enhanced $$T_2$$ T 2 and $$T_2^*$$ T 2 ∗ times with an outstanding degree of depth-confinement which is not possible by implanting with higher energies alone. Our results improve the understanding of CVD diamond overgrowth and pave the way towards reliable and advanced engineering of shallow $$\hbox {NV}^{-}$$ NV - centers for future quantum sensing devices.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79943-2 |
| spellingShingle | Christoph Findler Johannes Lang Christian Osterkamp Miloš Nesládek Fedor Jelezko Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors Scientific Reports |
| title | Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| title_full | Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| title_fullStr | Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| title_short | Indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| title_sort | indirect overgrowth as a synthesis route for superior diamond nano sensors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79943-2 |
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