Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate
Winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is a crop of which production is associated with rather large investments for nitrogen fertilization and disease control. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of five variants of fungicide application and four levels of N (nitrogen) top...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/318 |
| _version_ | 1797622884359733248 |
|---|---|
| author | Zinta Gaile Biruta Bankina Ieva Pluduma-Paunina Linda Sterna Gunita Bimsteine Agrita Svarta Janis Kaneps Irina Arhipova Aigars Sutka |
| author_facet | Zinta Gaile Biruta Bankina Ieva Pluduma-Paunina Linda Sterna Gunita Bimsteine Agrita Svarta Janis Kaneps Irina Arhipova Aigars Sutka |
| author_sort | Zinta Gaile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is a crop of which production is associated with rather large investments for nitrogen fertilization and disease control. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of five variants of fungicide application and four levels of N (nitrogen) top-dressing rate on the yield and grain quality of winter wheat. Field trials were carried out in Latvia (56° 31′ N; 23° 42′ E) for four seasons. Grain yield and quality depended significantly on the conditions of the trial year, as three of them were characterized by drought in varying degrees. Although the average four-year grain yield increased significantly in all fungicide application variants, the effect of this factor was different in individual years. The application of fungicides increased the yield significantly in one year, decreased significantly in another year, while it had no significant effect on the yield in remaining two seasons. The enhancement of N top-dressing rate increased the grain yield significantly every year. The interaction between both examined factors was significant; however, the use of higher N rates not always means that also spraying with fungicides has to be more intensive. A clear effect of fungicide application was observed on 1000 grain weight and volume weight, while the effect of N top-dressing rate was observed on the crude protein, wet gluten and starch content, and Zeleny index. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:17:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-103c9ce335cb4e42b2b788544c63d1a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:17:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-103c9ce335cb4e42b2b788544c63d1a62023-11-16T18:32:50ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-01-0113231810.3390/agronomy13020318Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing RateZinta Gaile0Biruta Bankina1Ieva Pluduma-Paunina2Linda Sterna3Gunita Bimsteine4Agrita Svarta5Janis Kaneps6Irina Arhipova7Aigars Sutka8Faculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaFaculty of Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2 Liela Str., LV-3001 Jelgava, LatviaAKPC, Ltd., 109 Vienibas Gatve, LV-1058 Riga, LatviaWinter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) is a crop of which production is associated with rather large investments for nitrogen fertilization and disease control. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of five variants of fungicide application and four levels of N (nitrogen) top-dressing rate on the yield and grain quality of winter wheat. Field trials were carried out in Latvia (56° 31′ N; 23° 42′ E) for four seasons. Grain yield and quality depended significantly on the conditions of the trial year, as three of them were characterized by drought in varying degrees. Although the average four-year grain yield increased significantly in all fungicide application variants, the effect of this factor was different in individual years. The application of fungicides increased the yield significantly in one year, decreased significantly in another year, while it had no significant effect on the yield in remaining two seasons. The enhancement of N top-dressing rate increased the grain yield significantly every year. The interaction between both examined factors was significant; however, the use of higher N rates not always means that also spraying with fungicides has to be more intensive. A clear effect of fungicide application was observed on 1000 grain weight and volume weight, while the effect of N top-dressing rate was observed on the crude protein, wet gluten and starch content, and Zeleny index.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/318winter wheatyieldgrain qualityleaf diseasesfungicidesnitrogen top-dressing |
| spellingShingle | Zinta Gaile Biruta Bankina Ieva Pluduma-Paunina Linda Sterna Gunita Bimsteine Agrita Svarta Janis Kaneps Irina Arhipova Aigars Sutka Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate Agronomy winter wheat yield grain quality leaf diseases fungicides nitrogen top-dressing |
| title | Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate |
| title_full | Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate |
| title_fullStr | Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate |
| title_short | Performance of Winter Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) Depending on Fungicide Application and Nitrogen Top-Dressing Rate |
| title_sort | performance of winter wheat i triticum aestivum i depending on fungicide application and nitrogen top dressing rate |
| topic | winter wheat yield grain quality leaf diseases fungicides nitrogen top-dressing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/2/318 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zintagaile performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT birutabankina performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT ievapludumapaunina performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT lindasterna performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT gunitabimsteine performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT agritasvarta performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT janiskaneps performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT irinaarhipova performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate AT aigarssutka performanceofwinterwheatitriticumaestivumidependingonfungicideapplicationandnitrogentopdressingrate |