Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal imp...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Regeneration Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2023;volume=18;issue=5;spage=940;epage=946;aulast=Myatich |
| _version_ | 1798018369484488704 |
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| author | Ali Myatich Azizul Haque Christopher Sole Naren L Banik |
| author_facet | Ali Myatich Azizul Haque Christopher Sole Naren L Banik |
| author_sort | Ali Myatich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:21:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-103dbf55527747bda9acd2d2b46e8f52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1673-5374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T16:21:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Regeneration Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-103dbf55527747bda9acd2d2b46e8f522022-12-22T04:14:17ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742023-01-0118594094610.4103/1673-5374.355749Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injuryAli MyatichAzizul HaqueChristopher SoleNaren L BanikSpinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2023;volume=18;issue=5;spage=940;epage=946;aulast=Myatichaxonal damage; clemastine; myelination; neuronal death; oligodendrocytes; skeletal muscle; spinal cord injury |
| spellingShingle | Ali Myatich Azizul Haque Christopher Sole Naren L Banik Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury Neural Regeneration Research axonal damage; clemastine; myelination; neuronal death; oligodendrocytes; skeletal muscle; spinal cord injury |
| title | Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| title_full | Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| title_fullStr | Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| title_short | Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| title_sort | clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury |
| topic | axonal damage; clemastine; myelination; neuronal death; oligodendrocytes; skeletal muscle; spinal cord injury |
| url | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2023;volume=18;issue=5;spage=940;epage=946;aulast=Myatich |
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