Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study
The present work aimed to re-assess the bioavailability enhancement potential of fulvic acid (FA). Carbamazepine (CBZ) and peat were used as a model drug and FA source, respectively. Our group has already evaluated the bioavailability enhancement potential of a less commercially viable source of FA,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Scientia Pharmaceutica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-0532/90/2/33 |
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| author | Rahmuddin Khan Pooja Jain Foziyah Zakir Mohd Aqil Sameer Alshehri Mohd Aamir Mirza Zeenat Iqbal |
| author_facet | Rahmuddin Khan Pooja Jain Foziyah Zakir Mohd Aqil Sameer Alshehri Mohd Aamir Mirza Zeenat Iqbal |
| author_sort | Rahmuddin Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present work aimed to re-assess the bioavailability enhancement potential of fulvic acid (FA). Carbamazepine (CBZ) and peat were used as a model drug and FA source, respectively. Our group has already evaluated the bioavailability enhancement potential of a less commercially viable source of FA, i.e., shilajit. In the present work, the phase solubility of CBZ was analyzed with varying concentrations of peat-sourced FA (2–12% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>). The prepared complex (CBZ-FA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Dissolution, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic studies were also carried out. The results showed the presence of an interaction between the drug and FA within the complex, which led to 98.99 ± 2.0% enhancement in drug solubility. The results also showed 79.23 ± 2.1% dissolution of the complexed drug over 60 min and 69.32 ± 2.2% permeation from the intestinal gut sac over 90 min, which led to a significant enhancement of bioavailability and a reduction in the duration of epileptic seizures. Thus, this study re-authenticates our earlier results and suggests switching the FA source (shilajit to peat) for commercial product development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-104b310d0e41494f91c221c1d41811b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0036-8709 2218-0532 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:33:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientia Pharmaceutica |
| spelling | doaj.art-104b310d0e41494f91c221c1d41811b82023-11-23T18:51:12ZengMDPI AGScientia Pharmaceutica0036-87092218-05322022-05-019023310.3390/scipharm90020033Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation StudyRahmuddin Khan0Pooja Jain1Foziyah Zakir2Mohd Aqil3Sameer Alshehri4Mohd Aamir Mirza5Zeenat Iqbal6Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, IndiaThe present work aimed to re-assess the bioavailability enhancement potential of fulvic acid (FA). Carbamazepine (CBZ) and peat were used as a model drug and FA source, respectively. Our group has already evaluated the bioavailability enhancement potential of a less commercially viable source of FA, i.e., shilajit. In the present work, the phase solubility of CBZ was analyzed with varying concentrations of peat-sourced FA (2–12% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>). The prepared complex (CBZ-FA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Dissolution, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic studies were also carried out. The results showed the presence of an interaction between the drug and FA within the complex, which led to 98.99 ± 2.0% enhancement in drug solubility. The results also showed 79.23 ± 2.1% dissolution of the complexed drug over 60 min and 69.32 ± 2.2% permeation from the intestinal gut sac over 90 min, which led to a significant enhancement of bioavailability and a reduction in the duration of epileptic seizures. Thus, this study re-authenticates our earlier results and suggests switching the FA source (shilajit to peat) for commercial product development.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-0532/90/2/33carbamazepinefulvic acidbioavailabilitycomplexationhumic substancespharmacokinetic |
| spellingShingle | Rahmuddin Khan Pooja Jain Foziyah Zakir Mohd Aqil Sameer Alshehri Mohd Aamir Mirza Zeenat Iqbal Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study Scientia Pharmaceutica carbamazepine fulvic acid bioavailability complexation humic substances pharmacokinetic |
| title | Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study |
| title_full | Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study |
| title_fullStr | Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study |
| title_short | Quality and In Vivo Assessment of a Fulvic Acid Complex: A Validation Study |
| title_sort | quality and in vivo assessment of a fulvic acid complex a validation study |
| topic | carbamazepine fulvic acid bioavailability complexation humic substances pharmacokinetic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-0532/90/2/33 |
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