Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data
Black carbon (BC) aerosol, as a typical optical absorption aerosol, is of great significance to the study of climate and radiation. The China Atmosphere Watch Network (CAWNET), established by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), contains 35 BC-monitored stations, which have been collecting...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/7/684 |
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| author | Bin Guo Yaqiang Wang Xiaoye Zhang Huizheng Che Jing Ming Ziwei Yi |
| author_facet | Bin Guo Yaqiang Wang Xiaoye Zhang Huizheng Che Jing Ming Ziwei Yi |
| author_sort | Bin Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Black carbon (BC) aerosol, as a typical optical absorption aerosol, is of great significance to the study of climate and radiation. The China Atmosphere Watch Network (CAWNET), established by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), contains 35 BC-monitored stations, which have been collecting data using commercial Aethalometer instruments (AEs) since 2006. Element carbon (EC) data measured from the thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) method was used to correct the BC monitoring data from the AEs, which are affected by various sampling and analytical artifacts. The average difference before and after the revision was about 17.3% (±11.5%). Furthermore, we analyzed the variations of BC in China from 2006 to 2017 using a revised dataset. The ten-year averaged concentration of BC would have been applicable for climate analysis, and can be a comparison sample in future research. The concentrations of BC across the stations in China showed a general downward trend, with occasional fluctuations, and the concentrations at urban sites decreased more significantly. The average concentrations of BC in urban sites are higher than rural and remote sites. The 10-year averaged concentration of BC ranges from 11.13 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in Gucheng to 0.19 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in Shangri-La, showing a strong spatial variation; the proportion of BC aerosol in PM<sub>2.5</sub> is generally less than 20%. The BC showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variation; and the highest concentration occurred in winter, with more dramatic diurnal variation, followed by autumn and spring. There was a significant increase in concentration between local time 7:00–9:00 and 18:00–0:00. The distribution and trend of BC concentration in China showed a consistency with emissions of BC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:49:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10513ef021ae46e389a686fe3030e222 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:49:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-10513ef021ae46e389a686fe3030e2222023-11-20T05:15:21ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-06-0111768410.3390/atmos11070684Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring DataBin Guo0Yaqiang Wang1Xiaoye Zhang2Huizheng Che3Jing Ming4Ziwei Yi5State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, ChinaBeacon Science & Consulting, Doncaster East, VIC 3109, AustraliaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, 46 Zhong Guan Cun S. Ave., Beijing 100081, ChinaBlack carbon (BC) aerosol, as a typical optical absorption aerosol, is of great significance to the study of climate and radiation. The China Atmosphere Watch Network (CAWNET), established by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), contains 35 BC-monitored stations, which have been collecting data using commercial Aethalometer instruments (AEs) since 2006. Element carbon (EC) data measured from the thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) method was used to correct the BC monitoring data from the AEs, which are affected by various sampling and analytical artifacts. The average difference before and after the revision was about 17.3% (±11.5%). Furthermore, we analyzed the variations of BC in China from 2006 to 2017 using a revised dataset. The ten-year averaged concentration of BC would have been applicable for climate analysis, and can be a comparison sample in future research. The concentrations of BC across the stations in China showed a general downward trend, with occasional fluctuations, and the concentrations at urban sites decreased more significantly. The average concentrations of BC in urban sites are higher than rural and remote sites. The 10-year averaged concentration of BC ranges from 11.13 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in Gucheng to 0.19 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in Shangri-La, showing a strong spatial variation; the proportion of BC aerosol in PM<sub>2.5</sub> is generally less than 20%. The BC showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variation; and the highest concentration occurred in winter, with more dramatic diurnal variation, followed by autumn and spring. There was a significant increase in concentration between local time 7:00–9:00 and 18:00–0:00. The distribution and trend of BC concentration in China showed a consistency with emissions of BC.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/7/684black carbonTOR methodaethalometerspatial-temporal variationdata revisionseasonality |
| spellingShingle | Bin Guo Yaqiang Wang Xiaoye Zhang Huizheng Che Jing Ming Ziwei Yi Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data Atmosphere black carbon TOR method aethalometer spatial-temporal variation data revision seasonality |
| title | Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data |
| title_full | Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data |
| title_fullStr | Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data |
| title_short | Long-Term Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol in China Based on Revised Aethalometer Monitoring Data |
| title_sort | long term variation of black carbon aerosol in china based on revised aethalometer monitoring data |
| topic | black carbon TOR method aethalometer spatial-temporal variation data revision seasonality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/7/684 |
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