Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results
A nanofluid is a suspension consisting of a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a base fluid, generally a liquid. Nanofluid can be used as a working fluid in heat exchangers to dissipate heat in the automotive, solar, aviation, aerospace industries. There are numerous physical phenomena that af...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Aerospace |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/10/608 |
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| author | Gianluigi Bovesecchi Sandra Corasaniti Girolamo Costanza Fabio Piccotti Michele Potenza Maria Elisa Tata |
| author_facet | Gianluigi Bovesecchi Sandra Corasaniti Girolamo Costanza Fabio Piccotti Michele Potenza Maria Elisa Tata |
| author_sort | Gianluigi Bovesecchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A nanofluid is a suspension consisting of a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a base fluid, generally a liquid. Nanofluid can be used as a working fluid in heat exchangers to dissipate heat in the automotive, solar, aviation, aerospace industries. There are numerous physical phenomena that affect heat conduction in nanofluids: clusters, the formation of adsorbate nanolayers, scattering of phonons at the solid–liquid interface, Brownian motion of the base fluid and thermophoresis in the nanofluids. The predominance of one physical phenomenon over another depends on various parameters, such as temperature, size and volume fraction of the nanoparticles. Therefore, it is very difficult to develop a theoretical model for estimating the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids that considers all these phenomena and is accurate for each value of the influencing parameters. The aim of this study is to promote a way to find the conditions (temperature, volume fraction) under which certain phenomena prevail over others in order to obtain a quantitative tool for the selection of the theoretical model to be used. For this purpose, two sets (SET-I, SET-II) of experimental data were analyzed; one was obtained from the literature, and the other was obtained through experimental tests. Different theoretical models, each considering some physical phenomena and neglecting others, were used to explain the experimental results. The results of the paper show that clusters, the formation of the adsorbate nanolayer and the scattering of phonons at the solid–liquid interface are the main phenomena to be considered when <i>φ</i> = 1 ÷ 3%. Instead, at a temperature of 50 °C and in the volume fraction range (0.04–0.22%), microconvection prevails over other phenomena. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:56:05Z |
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| id | doaj.art-105b3a968d3940fd9a99f566234e7f8e |
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| issn | 2226-4310 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:56:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerospace |
| spelling | doaj.art-105b3a968d3940fd9a99f566234e7f8e2023-11-23T22:19:05ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102022-10-0191060810.3390/aerospace9100608Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental ResultsGianluigi Bovesecchi0Sandra Corasaniti1Girolamo Costanza2Fabio Piccotti3Michele Potenza4Maria Elisa Tata5Department of Enterprise Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyA nanofluid is a suspension consisting of a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a base fluid, generally a liquid. Nanofluid can be used as a working fluid in heat exchangers to dissipate heat in the automotive, solar, aviation, aerospace industries. There are numerous physical phenomena that affect heat conduction in nanofluids: clusters, the formation of adsorbate nanolayers, scattering of phonons at the solid–liquid interface, Brownian motion of the base fluid and thermophoresis in the nanofluids. The predominance of one physical phenomenon over another depends on various parameters, such as temperature, size and volume fraction of the nanoparticles. Therefore, it is very difficult to develop a theoretical model for estimating the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids that considers all these phenomena and is accurate for each value of the influencing parameters. The aim of this study is to promote a way to find the conditions (temperature, volume fraction) under which certain phenomena prevail over others in order to obtain a quantitative tool for the selection of the theoretical model to be used. For this purpose, two sets (SET-I, SET-II) of experimental data were analyzed; one was obtained from the literature, and the other was obtained through experimental tests. Different theoretical models, each considering some physical phenomena and neglecting others, were used to explain the experimental results. The results of the paper show that clusters, the formation of the adsorbate nanolayer and the scattering of phonons at the solid–liquid interface are the main phenomena to be considered when <i>φ</i> = 1 ÷ 3%. Instead, at a temperature of 50 °C and in the volume fraction range (0.04–0.22%), microconvection prevails over other phenomena.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/10/608nanofluidsthermal conductivityBrownian motionmicroconvectiontheoretical models |
| spellingShingle | Gianluigi Bovesecchi Sandra Corasaniti Girolamo Costanza Fabio Piccotti Michele Potenza Maria Elisa Tata Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results Aerospace nanofluids thermal conductivity Brownian motion microconvection theoretical models |
| title | Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results |
| title_full | Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results |
| title_fullStr | Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results |
| title_short | Heat Conduction and Microconvection in Nanofluids: Comparison between Theoretical Models and Experimental Results |
| title_sort | heat conduction and microconvection in nanofluids comparison between theoretical models and experimental results |
| topic | nanofluids thermal conductivity Brownian motion microconvection theoretical models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/10/608 |
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