Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)
Kernel number per row (KNR) is an essential component of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) grain yield (GY), and understanding its genetic mechanism is crucial to improve GY. In this study, two F<sub>7</sub> recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were created using a temperate–tr...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/45/5/281 |
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| author | Yuling Wang Yaqi Bi Fuyan Jiang Ranjan Kumar Shaw Jiachen Sun Can Hu Ruijia Guo Xingming Fan |
| author_facet | Yuling Wang Yaqi Bi Fuyan Jiang Ranjan Kumar Shaw Jiachen Sun Can Hu Ruijia Guo Xingming Fan |
| author_sort | Yuling Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kernel number per row (KNR) is an essential component of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) grain yield (GY), and understanding its genetic mechanism is crucial to improve GY. In this study, two F<sub>7</sub> recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were created using a temperate–tropical introgression line TML418 and a tropical inbred line CML312 as female parents and a backbone maize inbred line Ye107 as the common male parent. Bi-parental quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) were then performed on 399 lines of the two maize RIL populations for KNR in two different environments using 4118 validated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. This study aimed to: (1) detect molecular markers and/or the genomic regions associated with KNR; (2) identify the candidate genes controlling KNR; and (3) analyze whether the candidate genes are useful in improving GY. The authors reported a total of 7 QTLs tightly linked to KNR through bi-parental QTL mapping and identified 21 SNPs significantly associated with KNR through GWAS. Among these, a highly confident locus <i>qKNR7-1</i> was detected at two locations, Dehong and Baoshan, with both mapping approaches. At this locus, three novel candidate genes (<i>Zm00001d022202</i>, <i>Zm00001d022168</i>, <i>Zm00001d022169</i>) were identified to be associated with KNR. These candidate genes were primarily involved in the processes related to compound metabolism, biosynthesis, protein modification, degradation, and denaturation, all of which were related to the inflorescence development affecting KNR. These three candidate genes were not reported previously and are considered new candidate genes for KNR. The progeny of the hybrid Ye107 × TML418 exhibited strong heterosis for KNR, which the authors believe might be related to <i>qKNR7-1</i>. This study provides a theoretical foundation for future research on the genetic mechanism underlying KNR in maize and the use of heterotic patterns to develop high-yielding hybrids. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-106571744e324088a6db11950f7156122023-11-18T00:57:19ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452023-05-014554416443010.3390/cimb45050281Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)Yuling Wang0Yaqi Bi1Fuyan Jiang2Ranjan Kumar Shaw3Jiachen Sun4Can Hu5Ruijia Guo6Xingming Fan7Institute of Resource Plants, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, ChinaInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650500, ChinaInstitute of Resource Plants, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, ChinaInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaInstitute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaKernel number per row (KNR) is an essential component of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) grain yield (GY), and understanding its genetic mechanism is crucial to improve GY. In this study, two F<sub>7</sub> recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were created using a temperate–tropical introgression line TML418 and a tropical inbred line CML312 as female parents and a backbone maize inbred line Ye107 as the common male parent. Bi-parental quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) were then performed on 399 lines of the two maize RIL populations for KNR in two different environments using 4118 validated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. This study aimed to: (1) detect molecular markers and/or the genomic regions associated with KNR; (2) identify the candidate genes controlling KNR; and (3) analyze whether the candidate genes are useful in improving GY. The authors reported a total of 7 QTLs tightly linked to KNR through bi-parental QTL mapping and identified 21 SNPs significantly associated with KNR through GWAS. Among these, a highly confident locus <i>qKNR7-1</i> was detected at two locations, Dehong and Baoshan, with both mapping approaches. At this locus, three novel candidate genes (<i>Zm00001d022202</i>, <i>Zm00001d022168</i>, <i>Zm00001d022169</i>) were identified to be associated with KNR. These candidate genes were primarily involved in the processes related to compound metabolism, biosynthesis, protein modification, degradation, and denaturation, all of which were related to the inflorescence development affecting KNR. These three candidate genes were not reported previously and are considered new candidate genes for KNR. The progeny of the hybrid Ye107 × TML418 exhibited strong heterosis for KNR, which the authors believe might be related to <i>qKNR7-1</i>. This study provides a theoretical foundation for future research on the genetic mechanism underlying KNR in maize and the use of heterotic patterns to develop high-yielding hybrids.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/45/5/281KNRquantitative trait locusgenome-wide association studycandidate geneheterotic pattern |
| spellingShingle | Yuling Wang Yaqi Bi Fuyan Jiang Ranjan Kumar Shaw Jiachen Sun Can Hu Ruijia Guo Xingming Fan Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Current Issues in Molecular Biology KNR quantitative trait locus genome-wide association study candidate gene heterotic pattern |
| title | Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_full | Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_short | Mapping and Functional Analysis of QTL for Kernel Number per Row in Tropical and Temperate–Tropical Introgression Lines of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) |
| title_sort | mapping and functional analysis of qtl for kernel number per row in tropical and temperate tropical introgression lines of maize i zea mays i l |
| topic | KNR quantitative trait locus genome-wide association study candidate gene heterotic pattern |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/45/5/281 |
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