Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere
Fungi represent a diverse group of organisms that play an essential role in maintaining soil health and ecosystem functioning. Plant root exudates form nutrient-rich niches that harbor specific fungal communities, or so-called rhizosphere mycobiomes. The long-term application of fertilizers supplies...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/251 |
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| author | Mikhail V. Semenov George S. Krasnov Vyacheslav M. Semenov Ariena van Bruggen |
| author_facet | Mikhail V. Semenov George S. Krasnov Vyacheslav M. Semenov Ariena van Bruggen |
| author_sort | Mikhail V. Semenov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungi represent a diverse group of organisms that play an essential role in maintaining soil health and ecosystem functioning. Plant root exudates form nutrient-rich niches that harbor specific fungal communities, or so-called rhizosphere mycobiomes. The long-term application of fertilizers supplies the soil with nutrients that may override the plant-related effects on rhizosphere fungal communities. Here, we assessed the effect of contrasting fertilization regimes on the composition, diversity, and abundance of bulk soil and rhizosphere mycobiomes of potato, white mustard, and maize under NPK (mineral fertilizers) or fresh cattle manure (organic fertilizers). Mineral and organic fertilizers led to distinct fungal communities in the rhizospheres of all studied crops, and the plant-related effects on the mycobiome were overridden by the effect of fertilization. The abundances of Ascomycota and Olpidiomycota were higher under manure, while the abundances of Basidiomycota and Monoblepharomycota increased under NPK. Manure input strongly increased fungal abundance but decreased fungal diversity and the total number of species. NPK had a slight effect on fungal diversity, but significantly increased the relative abundances of fungal phytopathogens, such as <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Fusarium</i>. Our study shows that that potential plant species effects on the abundance and diversity of the rhizosphere mycobiomes are governed by long-term fertilization. Fertilization management could therefore be used to manipulate rhizosphere fungal communities and soilborne pathogen suppressiveness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-106803d47db64fb18fbf9ca5103f83f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-106803d47db64fb18fbf9ca5103f83f22023-11-30T21:04:47ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-03-018325110.3390/jof8030251Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop RhizosphereMikhail V. Semenov0George S. Krasnov1Vyacheslav M. Semenov2Ariena van Bruggen3Department of Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, 119017 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Postgenomic Research, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of RAS, 142290 Pushchino, RussiaDepartment of Plant Pathology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0680, USAFungi represent a diverse group of organisms that play an essential role in maintaining soil health and ecosystem functioning. Plant root exudates form nutrient-rich niches that harbor specific fungal communities, or so-called rhizosphere mycobiomes. The long-term application of fertilizers supplies the soil with nutrients that may override the plant-related effects on rhizosphere fungal communities. Here, we assessed the effect of contrasting fertilization regimes on the composition, diversity, and abundance of bulk soil and rhizosphere mycobiomes of potato, white mustard, and maize under NPK (mineral fertilizers) or fresh cattle manure (organic fertilizers). Mineral and organic fertilizers led to distinct fungal communities in the rhizospheres of all studied crops, and the plant-related effects on the mycobiome were overridden by the effect of fertilization. The abundances of Ascomycota and Olpidiomycota were higher under manure, while the abundances of Basidiomycota and Monoblepharomycota increased under NPK. Manure input strongly increased fungal abundance but decreased fungal diversity and the total number of species. NPK had a slight effect on fungal diversity, but significantly increased the relative abundances of fungal phytopathogens, such as <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Fusarium</i>. Our study shows that that potential plant species effects on the abundance and diversity of the rhizosphere mycobiomes are governed by long-term fertilization. Fertilization management could therefore be used to manipulate rhizosphere fungal communities and soilborne pathogen suppressiveness.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/251fungiorganic fertilizersNPKITS2 rDNA amplicon sequencingfungal diversity |
| spellingShingle | Mikhail V. Semenov George S. Krasnov Vyacheslav M. Semenov Ariena van Bruggen Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere Journal of Fungi fungi organic fertilizers NPK ITS2 rDNA amplicon sequencing fungal diversity |
| title | Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere |
| title_full | Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere |
| title_fullStr | Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere |
| title_short | Mineral and Organic Fertilizers Distinctly Affect Fungal Communities in the Crop Rhizosphere |
| title_sort | mineral and organic fertilizers distinctly affect fungal communities in the crop rhizosphere |
| topic | fungi organic fertilizers NPK ITS2 rDNA amplicon sequencing fungal diversity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/251 |
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