Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary
An estuary region is a complex environment with a transition from fresh to brackish to salt water, and in which some environmental factors change dramatically over small ranges. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the selection of spatial scale on the prediction of the distributio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Fishes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/48 |
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| author | Weizhao Meng Yihe Gong Xuefang Wang Jianfeng Tong Dongyan Han Jinhui Chen Jianhui Wu |
| author_facet | Weizhao Meng Yihe Gong Xuefang Wang Jianfeng Tong Dongyan Han Jinhui Chen Jianhui Wu |
| author_sort | Weizhao Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An estuary region is a complex environment with a transition from fresh to brackish to salt water, and in which some environmental factors change dramatically over small ranges. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the selection of spatial scale on the prediction of the distribution of estuarine species. As the largest estuary in China, the Changjiang River estuary is the spawning ground, feeding ground, and migration channel for many species. Based on <i>Coilia nasus</i>, an important economic fish species in the Changjiang River estuary, this study uses the two-stage generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the potential differences in the response of species’ spatial distribution when environmental factors are assessed at different spatial scales (1′ × 1′, 2′ × 2′, 3′ × 3′, 4′ × 4′, 5′ × 5′). The results showed the following: (1) according to the analysis of the variance inflation factor (VIF), the values of all environmental factors were less than three and we found no correlation among the environmental variables selected. (2) The first stage GAM retained six variables, including year, month, latitude (Lat), water depth (Depth, m), bottom salinity (Sal, mg/L), and chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L). The second stage GAM retained four variables, including Year, Lat, pH, and chlorophyll a (Chl-a, μg/L). (3) The mean value of the Chla for the 3′ × 3′ spatial scale was significantly lower than that of the other spatial scales, and the mean value of Sal for the 5′ × 5′ spatial scale was higher than that of the other spatial scales. (4) In terms of the spatial distribution of abundance, the distribution patterns of <i>C. nasus</i> predicted by all scales were not very similar, and the distribution patterns predicted by the 5′ × 5′ scale, in the autumn of 2012, were significantly different from those at other scales. Therefore, the selection of spatiotemporal scales may affect predictions of the spatial distributions of species. We suggest that potential spatiotemporal scale effects should be evaluated in future studies. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:08:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj.art-106bf02b0e804ffe8730708366c3dcd82023-11-23T08:14:46ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882021-10-01644810.3390/fishes6040048Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River EstuaryWeizhao Meng0Yihe Gong1Xuefang Wang2Jianfeng Tong3Dongyan Han4Jinhui Chen5Jianhui Wu6Joint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaAn estuary region is a complex environment with a transition from fresh to brackish to salt water, and in which some environmental factors change dramatically over small ranges. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the selection of spatial scale on the prediction of the distribution of estuarine species. As the largest estuary in China, the Changjiang River estuary is the spawning ground, feeding ground, and migration channel for many species. Based on <i>Coilia nasus</i>, an important economic fish species in the Changjiang River estuary, this study uses the two-stage generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate the potential differences in the response of species’ spatial distribution when environmental factors are assessed at different spatial scales (1′ × 1′, 2′ × 2′, 3′ × 3′, 4′ × 4′, 5′ × 5′). The results showed the following: (1) according to the analysis of the variance inflation factor (VIF), the values of all environmental factors were less than three and we found no correlation among the environmental variables selected. (2) The first stage GAM retained six variables, including year, month, latitude (Lat), water depth (Depth, m), bottom salinity (Sal, mg/L), and chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/L). The second stage GAM retained four variables, including Year, Lat, pH, and chlorophyll a (Chl-a, μg/L). (3) The mean value of the Chla for the 3′ × 3′ spatial scale was significantly lower than that of the other spatial scales, and the mean value of Sal for the 5′ × 5′ spatial scale was higher than that of the other spatial scales. (4) In terms of the spatial distribution of abundance, the distribution patterns of <i>C. nasus</i> predicted by all scales were not very similar, and the distribution patterns predicted by the 5′ × 5′ scale, in the autumn of 2012, were significantly different from those at other scales. Therefore, the selection of spatiotemporal scales may affect predictions of the spatial distributions of species. We suggest that potential spatiotemporal scale effects should be evaluated in future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/48Changjiang River estuaryspatial scalemarine environmental factors<i>Coilia nasus</i>spatial distribution |
| spellingShingle | Weizhao Meng Yihe Gong Xuefang Wang Jianfeng Tong Dongyan Han Jinhui Chen Jianhui Wu Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary Fishes Changjiang River estuary spatial scale marine environmental factors <i>Coilia nasus</i> spatial distribution |
| title | Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary |
| title_full | Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary |
| title_short | Influence of Spatial Scale Selection of Environmental Factors on the Prediction of Distribution of <i>Coilia nasus</i> in Changjiang River Estuary |
| title_sort | influence of spatial scale selection of environmental factors on the prediction of distribution of i coilia nasus i in changjiang river estuary |
| topic | Changjiang River estuary spatial scale marine environmental factors <i>Coilia nasus</i> spatial distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/48 |
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