Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems
Radar is widely employed in many applications, especially in autonomous driving. At present, radars are only designed as simple data collectors, and they are unable to meet new requirements for real-time and intelligent information processing as environmental complexity increases. It is inevitable t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9930 |
| _version_ | 1797455285647835136 |
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| author | Yuhang Liu Yu Shen Lili Fan Yonglin Tian Yunfeng Ai Bin Tian Zhongmin Liu Fei-Yue Wang |
| author_facet | Yuhang Liu Yu Shen Lili Fan Yonglin Tian Yunfeng Ai Bin Tian Zhongmin Liu Fei-Yue Wang |
| author_sort | Yuhang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Radar is widely employed in many applications, especially in autonomous driving. At present, radars are only designed as simple data collectors, and they are unable to meet new requirements for real-time and intelligent information processing as environmental complexity increases. It is inevitable that smart radar systems will need to be developed to deal with these challenges and digital twins in cyber-physical systems (CPS) have proven to be effective tools in many aspects. However, human involvement is closely related to radar technology and plays an important role in the operation and management of radars; thus, digital twins’ radars in CPS are insufficient to realize smart radar systems due to the inadequate consideration of human factors. ACP-based parallel intelligence in cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) is used to construct a novel framework for smart radars, called Parallel Radars. A Parallel Radar consists of three main parts: a Descriptive Radar for constructing artificial radar systems in cyberspace, a Predictive Radar for conducting computational experiments with artificial systems, and a Prescriptive Radar for providing prescriptive control to both physical and artificial radars to complete parallel execution. To connect silos of data and protect data privacy, federated radars are proposed. Additionally, taking mines as an example, the application of Parallel Radars in autonomous driving is discussed in detail, and various experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of Parallel Radars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-106eb43388734cbf8d9af4d8d5e43182 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-106eb43388734cbf8d9af4d8d5e431822023-11-24T17:57:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224993010.3390/s22249930Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar SystemsYuhang Liu0Yu Shen1Lili Fan2Yonglin Tian3Yunfeng Ai4Bin Tian5Zhongmin Liu6Fei-Yue Wang7The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSchool of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100190, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSchool of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaNorth Automatic Control Technology Institute, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaRadar is widely employed in many applications, especially in autonomous driving. At present, radars are only designed as simple data collectors, and they are unable to meet new requirements for real-time and intelligent information processing as environmental complexity increases. It is inevitable that smart radar systems will need to be developed to deal with these challenges and digital twins in cyber-physical systems (CPS) have proven to be effective tools in many aspects. However, human involvement is closely related to radar technology and plays an important role in the operation and management of radars; thus, digital twins’ radars in CPS are insufficient to realize smart radar systems due to the inadequate consideration of human factors. ACP-based parallel intelligence in cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) is used to construct a novel framework for smart radars, called Parallel Radars. A Parallel Radar consists of three main parts: a Descriptive Radar for constructing artificial radar systems in cyberspace, a Predictive Radar for conducting computational experiments with artificial systems, and a Prescriptive Radar for providing prescriptive control to both physical and artificial radars to complete parallel execution. To connect silos of data and protect data privacy, federated radars are proposed. Additionally, taking mines as an example, the application of Parallel Radars in autonomous driving is discussed in detail, and various experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of Parallel Radars.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9930parallel radarsACP methodcyber-physical-social systems (CPSS)federated radars |
| spellingShingle | Yuhang Liu Yu Shen Lili Fan Yonglin Tian Yunfeng Ai Bin Tian Zhongmin Liu Fei-Yue Wang Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems Sensors parallel radars ACP method cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) federated radars |
| title | Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems |
| title_full | Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems |
| title_fullStr | Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems |
| title_short | Parallel Radars: From Digital Twins to Digital Intelligence for Smart Radar Systems |
| title_sort | parallel radars from digital twins to digital intelligence for smart radar systems |
| topic | parallel radars ACP method cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) federated radars |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9930 |
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