Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)
Abstract Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects (AEs) associated with statin therapy [most commonly statin‐associated muscle symptoms (SAMS)] result in the discontinuation of therapy and consequently increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, complete s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12960 |
| _version_ | 1827070673208475648 |
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| author | Peter E. Penson Eric Bruckert David Marais Željko Reiner Matteo Pirro Amirhossein Sahebkar Gani Bajraktari Erkin Mirrakhimov Manfredi Rizzo Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Alexandros Sachinidis Dan Gaita Gustavs Latkovskis Mohsen Mazidi Peter P. Toth Daniel Pella Fahad Alnouri Arman Postadzhiyan Hung‐I Yeh G.B. John Mancini Stephan vonHaehling Maciej Banach International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| author_facet | Peter E. Penson Eric Bruckert David Marais Željko Reiner Matteo Pirro Amirhossein Sahebkar Gani Bajraktari Erkin Mirrakhimov Manfredi Rizzo Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Alexandros Sachinidis Dan Gaita Gustavs Latkovskis Mohsen Mazidi Peter P. Toth Daniel Pella Fahad Alnouri Arman Postadzhiyan Hung‐I Yeh G.B. John Mancini Stephan vonHaehling Maciej Banach International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| author_sort | Peter E. Penson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects (AEs) associated with statin therapy [most commonly statin‐associated muscle symptoms (SAMS)] result in the discontinuation of therapy and consequently increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, complete statin intolerance occurs in only a small minority of treated patients (estimated prevalence of only 3–5%). Many perceived AEs are misattributed (e.g. physical musculoskeletal injury and inflammatory myopathies), and subjective symptoms occur as a result of the fact that patients expect them to do so when taking medicines (the nocebo/drucebo effect)—what might be truth even for over 50% of all patients with muscle weakness/pain. Clear guidance is necessary to enable the optimal management of plasma in real‐world clinical practice in patients who experience subjective AEs. In this Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), we present a step‐by‐step patient‐centred approach to the identification and management of SAMS with a particular focus on strategies to prevent and manage the nocebo/drucebo effect and to improve long‐term compliance with lipid‐lowering therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T08:19:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-107164714e764cd5a677cc4278043acf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5991 2190-6009 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-20T00:26:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
| spelling | doaj.art-107164714e764cd5a677cc4278043acf2024-10-10T03:50:48ZengWileyJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle2190-59912190-60092022-06-011331596162210.1002/jcsm.12960Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)Peter E. Penson0Eric Bruckert1David Marais2Željko Reiner3Matteo Pirro4Amirhossein Sahebkar5Gani Bajraktari6Erkin Mirrakhimov7Manfredi Rizzo8Dimitri P. Mikhailidis9Alexandros Sachinidis10Dan Gaita11Gustavs Latkovskis12Mohsen Mazidi13Peter P. Toth14Daniel Pella15Fahad Alnouri16Arman Postadzhiyan17Hung‐I Yeh18G.B. John Mancini19Stephan vonHaehling20Maciej Banach21International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UKPitié‐Salpetrière Hospital and Sorbonne University Cardio metabolic Institute Paris FranceChemical Pathology Division of the Department of Pathology University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty Cape Town South AfricaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb School of Medicine University of Zagreb Zagreb CroatiaDepartment of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia ItalyBiotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Umeå University Umeå SwedenDepartment of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease National Center of Cardiology and Internal Diseases Bishkek KyrgyzstanDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) University of Palermo Palermo ItalyDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL) London UKDepartment of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) University of Palermo Palermo ItalyUniversitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Victor Babes Timisoara RomaniaPauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital Riga LatviaMedical Research Council Population Health Research Unit University of Oxford Oxford UKCGH Medical Center Sterling IL USA2nd Department of Cardiology of the East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Faculty of Medicine PJ Safarik University Kosice Slovak RepublicCardiovascular Prevention Unit, Adult Cardiology Department Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre Riyadh Riyadh Saudi ArabiaDepartment of General Medicine, Emergency University Hospital ‘St. Anna’ Medical University of Sofia Sofia BulgariaDepartment of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City TaiwanDepartment of General Medicine, Emergency University Hospital ‘St. Anna’ Medical University of Sofia Sofia BulgariaDepartment of Cardiology and Pneumology, Heart Center University of Göttingen Medical Center Göttingen GermanyPolish Moother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI) Lodz PolandAbstract Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects (AEs) associated with statin therapy [most commonly statin‐associated muscle symptoms (SAMS)] result in the discontinuation of therapy and consequently increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, complete statin intolerance occurs in only a small minority of treated patients (estimated prevalence of only 3–5%). Many perceived AEs are misattributed (e.g. physical musculoskeletal injury and inflammatory myopathies), and subjective symptoms occur as a result of the fact that patients expect them to do so when taking medicines (the nocebo/drucebo effect)—what might be truth even for over 50% of all patients with muscle weakness/pain. Clear guidance is necessary to enable the optimal management of plasma in real‐world clinical practice in patients who experience subjective AEs. In this Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), we present a step‐by‐step patient‐centred approach to the identification and management of SAMS with a particular focus on strategies to prevent and manage the nocebo/drucebo effect and to improve long‐term compliance with lipid‐lowering therapy.https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12960Drucebo effectNocebo effectSAMSStatin intolerance |
| spellingShingle | Peter E. Penson Eric Bruckert David Marais Željko Reiner Matteo Pirro Amirhossein Sahebkar Gani Bajraktari Erkin Mirrakhimov Manfredi Rizzo Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Alexandros Sachinidis Dan Gaita Gustavs Latkovskis Mohsen Mazidi Peter P. Toth Daniel Pella Fahad Alnouri Arman Postadzhiyan Hung‐I Yeh G.B. John Mancini Stephan vonHaehling Maciej Banach International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Drucebo effect Nocebo effect SAMS Statin intolerance |
| title | Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| title_full | Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| title_fullStr | Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| title_short | Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) |
| title_sort | step by step diagnosis and management of the nocebo drucebo effect in statin associated muscle symptoms patients a position paper from the international lipid expert panel ilep |
| topic | Drucebo effect Nocebo effect SAMS Statin intolerance |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12960 |
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