Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats
Abstract Background To overcome the current overexploitation of fish rich in n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), microalgae have become a promising marine lipid source. The purpose of this study was to assess eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrition & Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12986-017-0218-y |
| _version_ | 1819241431403855872 |
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| author | Paula A. Lopes Narcisa M. Bandarra Susana V. Martins Joana Martinho Cristina M. Alfaia Marta S. Madeira Carlos Cardoso Cláudia Afonso Maria C. Paulo Rui M. A. Pinto José L. Guil-Guerrero José A. M. Prates |
| author_facet | Paula A. Lopes Narcisa M. Bandarra Susana V. Martins Joana Martinho Cristina M. Alfaia Marta S. Madeira Carlos Cardoso Cláudia Afonso Maria C. Paulo Rui M. A. Pinto José L. Guil-Guerrero José A. M. Prates |
| author_sort | Paula A. Lopes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To overcome the current overexploitation of fish rich in n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), microalgae have become a promising marine lipid source. The purpose of this study was to assess eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), isolated or combined from distinct marine origins, on the promotion of neuroprotective effects. Methods The experiment lasted for 10 weeks and involved 32 Wistar rats, divided into 4 diets (n = 8): a diet rich in milk fat was taken as control (Milk Fat) and compared to n-3 LCPUFA enriched diets, either in EPA + DHA form through fish oil (Fish Oil), or EPA through Nannochloropsis oil (Nanno), or DHA through Schizochytrium oil (Schyzo), while maintaining Milk Fat incorporation. Results Plasma lipid profile and dopamine levels were more beneficial in Fish Oil diet. In addition, n-3 LCPUFA incorporation was found increased in liver and erythrocytes from Fish Oil fed rats, suggesting that fish oil is a better dietary source for fatty acids deposition in the organism than microalgae. The Forced Swimming Test revealed a positive behavioural action of EPA + DHA, in opposition to Milk Fat and Nanno diets, which had higher immobile times. mRNA levels of serotonin receptors, HT1A and HT2A along with CREB, the transmission factor for learning and memory, were higher in the hippocampus of rats fed n-3 LCPUFA diets comparative to Milk Fat. Conclusion Taken together, the combination of EPA and DHA from fish oil can counteract the undesirable health effects of saturated fat based diets and benefit, in the long run, neurological function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:23:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-107524cf9db8429b87ae2444e9cc9a8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1743-7075 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:23:48Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Nutrition & Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-107524cf9db8429b87ae2444e9cc9a8d2022-12-21T17:43:43ZengBMCNutrition & Metabolism1743-70752017-09-0114111710.1186/s12986-017-0218-yMarkers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar ratsPaula A. Lopes0Narcisa M. Bandarra1Susana V. Martins2Joana Martinho3Cristina M. Alfaia4Marta S. Madeira5Carlos Cardoso6Cláudia Afonso7Maria C. Paulo8Rui M. A. Pinto9José L. Guil-Guerrero10José A. M. Prates11CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaDIVAV, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaCIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaCIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaCIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaDIVAV, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)DIVAV, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)Depsiextracta - Tecnologias Biológicas, Lda., Quinta do Monte Novo-TaipadasiMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de LisboaDepartamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de AlmeríaCIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de LisboaAbstract Background To overcome the current overexploitation of fish rich in n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), microalgae have become a promising marine lipid source. The purpose of this study was to assess eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), isolated or combined from distinct marine origins, on the promotion of neuroprotective effects. Methods The experiment lasted for 10 weeks and involved 32 Wistar rats, divided into 4 diets (n = 8): a diet rich in milk fat was taken as control (Milk Fat) and compared to n-3 LCPUFA enriched diets, either in EPA + DHA form through fish oil (Fish Oil), or EPA through Nannochloropsis oil (Nanno), or DHA through Schizochytrium oil (Schyzo), while maintaining Milk Fat incorporation. Results Plasma lipid profile and dopamine levels were more beneficial in Fish Oil diet. In addition, n-3 LCPUFA incorporation was found increased in liver and erythrocytes from Fish Oil fed rats, suggesting that fish oil is a better dietary source for fatty acids deposition in the organism than microalgae. The Forced Swimming Test revealed a positive behavioural action of EPA + DHA, in opposition to Milk Fat and Nanno diets, which had higher immobile times. mRNA levels of serotonin receptors, HT1A and HT2A along with CREB, the transmission factor for learning and memory, were higher in the hippocampus of rats fed n-3 LCPUFA diets comparative to Milk Fat. Conclusion Taken together, the combination of EPA and DHA from fish oil can counteract the undesirable health effects of saturated fat based diets and benefit, in the long run, neurological function.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12986-017-0218-yFish oilMicroalgaeFatty acid compositionForced swimming testTranscriptional profile |
| spellingShingle | Paula A. Lopes Narcisa M. Bandarra Susana V. Martins Joana Martinho Cristina M. Alfaia Marta S. Madeira Carlos Cardoso Cláudia Afonso Maria C. Paulo Rui M. A. Pinto José L. Guil-Guerrero José A. M. Prates Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats Nutrition & Metabolism Fish oil Microalgae Fatty acid composition Forced swimming test Transcriptional profile |
| title | Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats |
| title_full | Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats |
| title_fullStr | Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats |
| title_short | Markers of neuroprotection of combined EPA and DHA provided by fish oil are higher than those of EPA (Nannochloropsis) and DHA (Schizochytrium) from microalgae oils in Wistar rats |
| title_sort | markers of neuroprotection of combined epa and dha provided by fish oil are higher than those of epa nannochloropsis and dha schizochytrium from microalgae oils in wistar rats |
| topic | Fish oil Microalgae Fatty acid composition Forced swimming test Transcriptional profile |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12986-017-0218-y |
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