<i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis
<i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. (Fagaceae) is a deciduous tree grown for its wood and edible fruits. Chestnut processing produces residues (burs, shells, and leaves) exploitable for their diversity in bioactive compounds in animal nutrition. In fact, plant-specialized metabolites likely act...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| author | Marialuisa Formato Alessandro Vastolo Simona Piccolella Serena Calabrò Monica Isabella Cutrignelli Christian Zidorn Severina Pacifico |
| author_facet | Marialuisa Formato Alessandro Vastolo Simona Piccolella Serena Calabrò Monica Isabella Cutrignelli Christian Zidorn Severina Pacifico |
| author_sort | Marialuisa Formato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. (Fagaceae) is a deciduous tree grown for its wood and edible fruits. Chestnut processing produces residues (burs, shells, and leaves) exploitable for their diversity in bioactive compounds in animal nutrition. In fact, plant-specialized metabolites likely act as rumen modifiers. Thus, the recovery of residual plant parts as feed ingredients is an evaluable strategy. In this context, European chestnut leaves from northern Germany have been investigated, proving to be a good source of flavonoids as well as gallo- and ellagitannins. To this purpose, an alcoholic extract was obtained and an untargeted profiling carried out, mainly by means of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR MS/MS) techniques. To better unravel the polyphenol constituents, fractionation strategies were employed to obtain a lipophilic fraction and a polar one. This latter was highly responsive to total phenolic and flavonoid content analyses, as well as to antiradical (DPPH<sup>●</sup> and ABTS<sup>+●</sup>) and reducing activity (PFRAP) assays. The effect of the alcoholic extract and its fractions on rumen liquor was also evaluated in vitro in terms of fermentative parameter changes and impact on methanogenesis. The data acquired confirm that chestnut leaf extract and the fractions therefrom promote an increase in total volatile fatty acids, while decreasing acetate/propionate ratio and CH<sub>4</sub> production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:02:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-107bb1a4002a4f88aab4d7eb36fec010 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:02:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-107bb1a4002a4f88aab4d7eb36fec0102023-11-24T16:55:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-12-012724866210.3390/molecules27248662<i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and MethanogenesisMarialuisa Formato0Alessandro Vastolo1Simona Piccolella2Serena Calabrò3Monica Isabella Cutrignelli4Christian Zidorn5Severina Pacifico6Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, ItalyPharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, GermanyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy<i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. (Fagaceae) is a deciduous tree grown for its wood and edible fruits. Chestnut processing produces residues (burs, shells, and leaves) exploitable for their diversity in bioactive compounds in animal nutrition. In fact, plant-specialized metabolites likely act as rumen modifiers. Thus, the recovery of residual plant parts as feed ingredients is an evaluable strategy. In this context, European chestnut leaves from northern Germany have been investigated, proving to be a good source of flavonoids as well as gallo- and ellagitannins. To this purpose, an alcoholic extract was obtained and an untargeted profiling carried out, mainly by means of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR MS/MS) techniques. To better unravel the polyphenol constituents, fractionation strategies were employed to obtain a lipophilic fraction and a polar one. This latter was highly responsive to total phenolic and flavonoid content analyses, as well as to antiradical (DPPH<sup>●</sup> and ABTS<sup>+●</sup>) and reducing activity (PFRAP) assays. The effect of the alcoholic extract and its fractions on rumen liquor was also evaluated in vitro in terms of fermentative parameter changes and impact on methanogenesis. The data acquired confirm that chestnut leaf extract and the fractions therefrom promote an increase in total volatile fatty acids, while decreasing acetate/propionate ratio and CH<sub>4</sub> production.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/24/8662<i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill.chestnut leafhydrolysable tannins (HTs)flavonoidsUHPLC-ESI-Q<i>q</i>TOF HR MS/MS analysisvolatile fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Marialuisa Formato Alessandro Vastolo Simona Piccolella Serena Calabrò Monica Isabella Cutrignelli Christian Zidorn Severina Pacifico <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis Molecules <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. chestnut leaf hydrolysable tannins (HTs) flavonoids UHPLC-ESI-Q<i>q</i>TOF HR MS/MS analysis volatile fatty acids |
| title | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis |
| title_full | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis |
| title_fullStr | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis |
| title_short | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. Leaf: UHPLC-HR MS/MS Analysis and Effects on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methanogenesis |
| title_sort | i castanea sativa i mill leaf uhplc hr ms ms analysis and effects on in vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis |
| topic | <i>Castanea sativa</i> Mill. chestnut leaf hydrolysable tannins (HTs) flavonoids UHPLC-ESI-Q<i>q</i>TOF HR MS/MS analysis volatile fatty acids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/24/8662 |
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