Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria
Background. Many companies in Nigeria generate industrial effluents, including heavy metals. These metals can be accumulated by biota such as mushrooms, which are then eaten by the populace. Objectives. The present study investigates the metal content of wild mushrooms in order to educate the local...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Pure Earth
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health and Pollution |
| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1819155532051644416 |
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| author | Chinatu Charity Ndimele Prince Emeka Ndimele Kanayo Stephen Chukwuka |
| author_facet | Chinatu Charity Ndimele Prince Emeka Ndimele Kanayo Stephen Chukwuka |
| author_sort | Chinatu Charity Ndimele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Many companies in Nigeria generate industrial effluents, including heavy metals. These metals can be accumulated by biota such as mushrooms, which are then eaten by the populace.
Objectives. The present study investigates the metal content of wild mushrooms in order to educate the local population on the safety of their consumption.
Methods. Seven different species of wild mushrooms (Cortinarius melliolens, Chlorophyllum brunneum, Pleurotus florida, Volvariella speciosa, Cantharellus cibarius, Entoloma spp and Coprinus africana) growing in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria were analyzed for their heavy metal (copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
Results. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the mushrooms and substrate varied by site of collection. The highest concentrations of Cu (92.31±8.42 mg/kg), Pb (76.00±9.78 mg/kg) and Cd (92.45±12.34 mg/kg) were obtained in C. africana, P. florida and V. speciosa, respectively. The lowest contents of Cu (56.00±5.02 mg/kg), and Cd (67.92±5.89 mg/kg) were obtained from C. melliolens, while C. cibarius had the lowest concentration of Pb (40.00±3.56 mg/kg). The highest concentrations of Pb (20.40±3.43 mg/kg) and Cd (26.40±4.34 mg/kg) were obtained in the substrate of C. molybdites, while the lowest Pb (12.40±2.12 mg/kg) and Cd (18.00±3.90 mg/kg) occurred in V. speciosa and C. cibarius, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of the mushroom species studied ranged from 2.84 – 14.60.
Conclusions. The present study found that heavy metal accumulation varied by species of mushroom, metal content of the substrate and the bioavailability of the metal in the mushroom. The level of metals in mushrooms in the present study was relatively high. Therefore, cultivation of mushrooms in heavy metal-free soil should be encouraged.
Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T15:38:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10a91cba22c448eb856beb59bd06e685 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2156-9614 2156-9614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T15:38:28Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Pure Earth |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Health and Pollution |
| spelling | doaj.art-10a91cba22c448eb856beb59bd06e6852022-12-21T18:21:11ZengPure EarthJournal of Health and Pollution2156-96142156-96142017-01-01716263010.5696/2156-9614-7.16.262156-9614-7-16-26Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, NigeriaChinatu Charity Ndimele0Prince Emeka Ndimele1Kanayo Stephen Chukwuka2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, NigeriaDepartment of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, NigeriaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, NigeriaBackground. Many companies in Nigeria generate industrial effluents, including heavy metals. These metals can be accumulated by biota such as mushrooms, which are then eaten by the populace. Objectives. The present study investigates the metal content of wild mushrooms in order to educate the local population on the safety of their consumption. Methods. Seven different species of wild mushrooms (Cortinarius melliolens, Chlorophyllum brunneum, Pleurotus florida, Volvariella speciosa, Cantharellus cibarius, Entoloma spp and Coprinus africana) growing in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria were analyzed for their heavy metal (copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the mushrooms and substrate varied by site of collection. The highest concentrations of Cu (92.31±8.42 mg/kg), Pb (76.00±9.78 mg/kg) and Cd (92.45±12.34 mg/kg) were obtained in C. africana, P. florida and V. speciosa, respectively. The lowest contents of Cu (56.00±5.02 mg/kg), and Cd (67.92±5.89 mg/kg) were obtained from C. melliolens, while C. cibarius had the lowest concentration of Pb (40.00±3.56 mg/kg). The highest concentrations of Pb (20.40±3.43 mg/kg) and Cd (26.40±4.34 mg/kg) were obtained in the substrate of C. molybdites, while the lowest Pb (12.40±2.12 mg/kg) and Cd (18.00±3.90 mg/kg) occurred in V. speciosa and C. cibarius, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors of the mushroom species studied ranged from 2.84 – 14.60. Conclusions. The present study found that heavy metal accumulation varied by species of mushroom, metal content of the substrate and the bioavailability of the metal in the mushroom. The level of metals in mushrooms in the present study was relatively high. Therefore, cultivation of mushrooms in heavy metal-free soil should be encouraged. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.mushroomheavy metalbioaccumulation |
| spellingShingle | Chinatu Charity Ndimele Prince Emeka Ndimele Kanayo Stephen Chukwuka Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria Journal of Health and Pollution mushroom heavy metal bioaccumulation |
| title | Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full | Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_short | Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Wild Mushrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_sort | accumulation of heavy metals by wild mushrooms in ibadan nigeria |
| topic | mushroom heavy metal bioaccumulation |
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