Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities
The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is an efficient, simple, and chemical-free method of producing nanoparticles. The present work reports the synthesis of <i>Murraya koenigii</i>-mediated ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs) and their...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| author | Parvathiraja Chelliah Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur Hari Prapan Sharma Hasan Sh. Majdi Drai Ahmed Smait Mohammed Ayyed Najm Amjad Iqbal Wen-Cheng Lai |
| author_facet | Parvathiraja Chelliah Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur Hari Prapan Sharma Hasan Sh. Majdi Drai Ahmed Smait Mohammed Ayyed Najm Amjad Iqbal Wen-Cheng Lai |
| author_sort | Parvathiraja Chelliah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is an efficient, simple, and chemical-free method of producing nanoparticles. The present work reports the synthesis of <i>Murraya koenigii</i>-mediated ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs) and their applications as a photocatalyst and antibacterial agent. Capping and stabilization of metal oxide nanoparticles were achieved by using <i>Murraya koenigii</i> leaf extract. The optical, structural, and morphological valance of the ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs were characterized using UV-DRS, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM with EDX, TEM, and XPS. An XRD analysis determined that ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs have a monoclinic structure and a crystallite size of 24 nm. TEM and FESEM morphological images confirm the spherical nature of ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs, and their distributions on surfaces show lower agglomerations. ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs showed high optical absorbance in the UV region and a wide bandgap indicating surface oxygen vacancies and charge carriers. The presence of Zr and O elements and their O=Zr=O bonds was categorized using EDX and FTIR spectroscopy. The plant molecules’ interface, bonding, binding energy, and their existence on the surface of ZrO2 NPs were established from XPS analysis. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs was examined under visible light irradiation. The 94% degradation of toxic MB dye was achieved within 20 min. The antibacterial inhibition of ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs was tested against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> pathogens. Applications of bio-synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs including organic substance removal, pathogenic inhibitor development, catalysis, optical, and biomedical development were explored. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:54:59Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-10b254f59b7044179f5351e38023b99b2023-11-17T13:49:48ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392023-02-0110315610.3390/separations10030156Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial ActivitiesParvathiraja Chelliah0Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur1Hari Prapan Sharma2Hasan Sh. Majdi3Drai Ahmed Smait4Mohammed Ayyed Najm5Amjad Iqbal6Wen-Cheng Lai7Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamilnadu, IndiaChemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Business Management, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, IraqDepartment of Law, The University of Mashreq, Baghdad 11001, IraqFaculty of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad 46036, IraqDepartment of Advanced Materials & Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandBachelor Program in Industrial Projects, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu 640301, TaiwanThe green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is an efficient, simple, and chemical-free method of producing nanoparticles. The present work reports the synthesis of <i>Murraya koenigii</i>-mediated ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs) and their applications as a photocatalyst and antibacterial agent. Capping and stabilization of metal oxide nanoparticles were achieved by using <i>Murraya koenigii</i> leaf extract. The optical, structural, and morphological valance of the ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs were characterized using UV-DRS, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM with EDX, TEM, and XPS. An XRD analysis determined that ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs have a monoclinic structure and a crystallite size of 24 nm. TEM and FESEM morphological images confirm the spherical nature of ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs, and their distributions on surfaces show lower agglomerations. ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs showed high optical absorbance in the UV region and a wide bandgap indicating surface oxygen vacancies and charge carriers. The presence of Zr and O elements and their O=Zr=O bonds was categorized using EDX and FTIR spectroscopy. The plant molecules’ interface, bonding, binding energy, and their existence on the surface of ZrO2 NPs were established from XPS analysis. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs was examined under visible light irradiation. The 94% degradation of toxic MB dye was achieved within 20 min. The antibacterial inhibition of ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs was tested against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> pathogens. Applications of bio-synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs including organic substance removal, pathogenic inhibitor development, catalysis, optical, and biomedical development were explored.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/3/156ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPsgreen synthesisphotocatalysisbacterial activity<i>Murraya koenigii</i> |
| spellingShingle | Parvathiraja Chelliah Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur Hari Prapan Sharma Hasan Sh. Majdi Drai Ahmed Smait Mohammed Ayyed Najm Amjad Iqbal Wen-Cheng Lai Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities Separations ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs green synthesis photocatalysis bacterial activity <i>Murraya koenigii</i> |
| title | Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities |
| title_full | Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities |
| title_short | Photocatalytic Organic Contaminant Degradation of Green Synthesized ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs and Their Antibacterial Activities |
| title_sort | photocatalytic organic contaminant degradation of green synthesized zro sub 2 sub nps and their antibacterial activities |
| topic | ZrO<sub>2</sub> NPs green synthesis photocatalysis bacterial activity <i>Murraya koenigii</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/3/156 |
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