Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials
In foods, high levels of biogenic amines (BA) are the result of microbial metabolism that could be affected by temperatures and storage conditions. Thus, the level of BA is commonly used as an indicator of food safety and quality. This manuscript outlines the development of laser scribed graphene el...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/2/42 |
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| author | Diana C. Vanegas Laksmi Patiño Connie Mendez Daniela Alves de Oliveira Alba M. Torres Carmen L. Gomes Eric S. McLamore |
| author_facet | Diana C. Vanegas Laksmi Patiño Connie Mendez Daniela Alves de Oliveira Alba M. Torres Carmen L. Gomes Eric S. McLamore |
| author_sort | Diana C. Vanegas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In foods, high levels of biogenic amines (BA) are the result of microbial metabolism that could be affected by temperatures and storage conditions. Thus, the level of BA is commonly used as an indicator of food safety and quality. This manuscript outlines the development of laser scribed graphene electrodes, with locally sourced materials, for reagent-free food safety biosensing. To fabricate the biosensors, the graphene surface was functionalized with copper microparticles and diamine oxidase, purchased from a local supermarket; and then compared to biosensors fabricated with analytical grade materials. The amperometric biosensor exhibits good electrochemical performance, with an average histamine sensitivity of 23.3 µA/mM, a lower detection limit of 11.6 µM, and a response time of 7.3 s, showing similar performance to biosensors constructed from analytical grade materials. We demonstrated the application of the biosensor by testing total BA concentration in fish paste samples subjected to fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. Biogenic amines concentrations prior to lactic acid fermentation were below the detection limit of the biosensor, while concentration after fermentation was 19.24 ± 8.21 mg histamine/kg, confirming that the sensor was selective in a complex food matrix. The low-cost, rapid, and accurate device is a promising tool for biogenic amine estimation in food samples, particularly in situations where standard laboratory techniques are unavailable, or are cost prohibitive. This biosensor can be used for screening food samples, potentially limiting food waste, while reducing chances of foodborne outbreaks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:54:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10b98c5eb1b849a1a4e55fde0e647bfe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:54:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-10b98c5eb1b849a1a4e55fde0e647bfe2022-12-22T03:52:50ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742018-04-01824210.3390/bios8020042bios8020042Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced MaterialsDiana C. Vanegas0Laksmi Patiño1Connie Mendez2Daniela Alves de Oliveira3Alba M. Torres4Carmen L. Gomes5Eric S. McLamore6Department of Food Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760032, ColombiaDepartment of Food Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760032, ColombiaDepartment of Food Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760032, ColombiaDepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USADepartment of Biology, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760032, ColombiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USADepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAIn foods, high levels of biogenic amines (BA) are the result of microbial metabolism that could be affected by temperatures and storage conditions. Thus, the level of BA is commonly used as an indicator of food safety and quality. This manuscript outlines the development of laser scribed graphene electrodes, with locally sourced materials, for reagent-free food safety biosensing. To fabricate the biosensors, the graphene surface was functionalized with copper microparticles and diamine oxidase, purchased from a local supermarket; and then compared to biosensors fabricated with analytical grade materials. The amperometric biosensor exhibits good electrochemical performance, with an average histamine sensitivity of 23.3 µA/mM, a lower detection limit of 11.6 µM, and a response time of 7.3 s, showing similar performance to biosensors constructed from analytical grade materials. We demonstrated the application of the biosensor by testing total BA concentration in fish paste samples subjected to fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. Biogenic amines concentrations prior to lactic acid fermentation were below the detection limit of the biosensor, while concentration after fermentation was 19.24 ± 8.21 mg histamine/kg, confirming that the sensor was selective in a complex food matrix. The low-cost, rapid, and accurate device is a promising tool for biogenic amine estimation in food samples, particularly in situations where standard laboratory techniques are unavailable, or are cost prohibitive. This biosensor can be used for screening food samples, potentially limiting food waste, while reducing chances of foodborne outbreaks.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/2/42biogenic amineslaser scribed graphenediamine oxidasedisposable sensorfood qualityrisk assessmentplanetary health |
| spellingShingle | Diana C. Vanegas Laksmi Patiño Connie Mendez Daniela Alves de Oliveira Alba M. Torres Carmen L. Gomes Eric S. McLamore Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials Biosensors biogenic amines laser scribed graphene diamine oxidase disposable sensor food quality risk assessment planetary health |
| title | Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials |
| title_full | Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials |
| title_fullStr | Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials |
| title_short | Laser Scribed Graphene Biosensor for Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Samples Using Locally Sourced Materials |
| title_sort | laser scribed graphene biosensor for detection of biogenic amines in food samples using locally sourced materials |
| topic | biogenic amines laser scribed graphene diamine oxidase disposable sensor food quality risk assessment planetary health |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/2/42 |
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