Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>
The antibacterial effect of chitooligosaccharide conjugated with five different polyphenols, including catechin (COS-CAT), epigallocatechin gallate (COS-EGCG), gallic acid (COS-GAL), caffeic acid (COS-CAF), and ferulic acid (COS-FER), against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> was investigate...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/3/634 |
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| author | Jirayu Buatong Ajay Mittal Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn Suriya Palamae Jirakrit Saetang Soottawat Benjakul |
| author_facet | Jirayu Buatong Ajay Mittal Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn Suriya Palamae Jirakrit Saetang Soottawat Benjakul |
| author_sort | Jirayu Buatong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The antibacterial effect of chitooligosaccharide conjugated with five different polyphenols, including catechin (COS-CAT), epigallocatechin gallate (COS-EGCG), gallic acid (COS-GAL), caffeic acid (COS-CAF), and ferulic acid (COS-FER), against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> was investigated. Among all the conjugates tested, COS-EGCG showed the highest inhibition toward <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 1024 and 1024 µg/mL, respectively. The COS-EGCG conjugate also had a bactericidal effect on the environmental and clinical strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The low concentration of COS-EGCG conjugate augmented the formation of biofilm and the growth of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. Nevertheless, the inhibition of biofilm formation and bacterial growth was achieved when treated with the COS-EGCG conjugate at 2 × MIC for 48 h. In addition, the COS-EGCG conjugate at 2 × MIC had the potential to inactivate the pre-biofilm, and it reduced the production of the extracellular polysaccharides of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The COS-EGCG conjugate at the MIC/4 effectively impeded the motility (the swimming and swarming) of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, with an 85.7–94.3% inhibition, while 100% inhibition was achieved with the MIC. Based on scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images, cell wall damage with numerous pores on the cell surface was observed. Such cell distortion resulted in protein leakage. As a result, COS-EGCG could penetrate into the cell and bind with the DNA backbone. Therefore, the COS-EGCG conjugate could be further developed as a natural antimicrobial agent for inhibiting or controlling <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:43:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10d09bbbcaad4d73917ef84b3b0bc97d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:43:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-10d09bbbcaad4d73917ef84b3b0bc97d2023-11-16T16:42:09ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-02-0112363410.3390/foods12030634Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>Jirayu Buatong0Ajay Mittal1Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn2Suriya Palamae3Jirakrit Saetang4Soottawat Benjakul5International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandDivision of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandThe antibacterial effect of chitooligosaccharide conjugated with five different polyphenols, including catechin (COS-CAT), epigallocatechin gallate (COS-EGCG), gallic acid (COS-GAL), caffeic acid (COS-CAF), and ferulic acid (COS-FER), against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> was investigated. Among all the conjugates tested, COS-EGCG showed the highest inhibition toward <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 1024 and 1024 µg/mL, respectively. The COS-EGCG conjugate also had a bactericidal effect on the environmental and clinical strains of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The low concentration of COS-EGCG conjugate augmented the formation of biofilm and the growth of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. Nevertheless, the inhibition of biofilm formation and bacterial growth was achieved when treated with the COS-EGCG conjugate at 2 × MIC for 48 h. In addition, the COS-EGCG conjugate at 2 × MIC had the potential to inactivate the pre-biofilm, and it reduced the production of the extracellular polysaccharides of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The COS-EGCG conjugate at the MIC/4 effectively impeded the motility (the swimming and swarming) of <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, with an 85.7–94.3% inhibition, while 100% inhibition was achieved with the MIC. Based on scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images, cell wall damage with numerous pores on the cell surface was observed. Such cell distortion resulted in protein leakage. As a result, COS-EGCG could penetrate into the cell and bind with the DNA backbone. Therefore, the COS-EGCG conjugate could be further developed as a natural antimicrobial agent for inhibiting or controlling <i>L. monocytogenes</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/3/634<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>chitooligosaccharidepolyphenolconjugateantimicrobialbactericidal mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Jirayu Buatong Ajay Mittal Pimonsri Mittraparp-arthorn Suriya Palamae Jirakrit Saetang Soottawat Benjakul Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> Foods <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> chitooligosaccharide polyphenol conjugate antimicrobial bactericidal mechanism |
| title | Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> |
| title_full | Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> |
| title_fullStr | Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> |
| title_short | Bactericidal Action of Shrimp Shell Chitooligosaccharide Conjugated with Epigallocatechin Gallate (COS-EGCG) against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> |
| title_sort | bactericidal action of shrimp shell chitooligosaccharide conjugated with epigallocatechin gallate cos egcg against i listeria monocytogenes i |
| topic | <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> chitooligosaccharide polyphenol conjugate antimicrobial bactericidal mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/3/634 |
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