Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers
Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is one of the main foods globally. Nutrition problems associated with Zinc and Iron deficiency affect more than two billion individuals. Biofortification is a strategy believed to be sustainable, economical and easily implemented. This study evaluated...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/5/250 |
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| author | Etienne Niyigaba Angelique Twizerimana Innocent Mugenzi Wansim Aboubakar Ngnadong Yu Ping Ye Bang Mo Wu Jiang Bo Hai |
| author_facet | Etienne Niyigaba Angelique Twizerimana Innocent Mugenzi Wansim Aboubakar Ngnadong Yu Ping Ye Bang Mo Wu Jiang Bo Hai |
| author_sort | Etienne Niyigaba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is one of the main foods globally. Nutrition problems associated with Zinc and Iron deficiency affect more than two billion individuals. Biofortification is a strategy believed to be sustainable, economical and easily implemented. This study evaluated the effect of combined Zn and Fe applied as foliar fertilizer to winter wheat on grain yield, quality, Zn and Fe concentration in the grains. Results showed that treatments containing high Fe increased the yield. Grain crude fat content remained unaffected. Crude fiber was enhanced up to three-fold by 60% Zn + 40% Fe<sub>5.5</sub> (5.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 60% Zn + 40% Fe). Moreover, 80% Zn + 20% Fe<sub>5.5</sub> (5.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 80% Zn + 20% Fe) was the best combination for increasing crude protein. Zinc applied alone enhanced Zn concentration in grain. In addition, Fe was slightly improved by an application of Zn and Fe in the first year, but a greater increase was observed in the second year, where 100% Fe<sub>13</sub> (13 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 100% Fe) was the best in improving Fe in grain. Foliar application of Zn and Fe is a practical approach to increase Zn and Fe concentration, and to improve the quality of wheat grains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:46:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10e11f0337364c338c796969fadc33e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:46:57Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-10e11f0337364c338c796969fadc33e32022-12-21T21:33:08ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952019-05-019525010.3390/agronomy9050250agronomy9050250Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron FertilizersEtienne Niyigaba0Angelique Twizerimana1Innocent Mugenzi2Wansim Aboubakar Ngnadong3Yu Ping Ye4Bang Mo Wu5Jiang Bo Hai6Department of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaDepartment of crop cultivation and farming system, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, ChinaWheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is one of the main foods globally. Nutrition problems associated with Zinc and Iron deficiency affect more than two billion individuals. Biofortification is a strategy believed to be sustainable, economical and easily implemented. This study evaluated the effect of combined Zn and Fe applied as foliar fertilizer to winter wheat on grain yield, quality, Zn and Fe concentration in the grains. Results showed that treatments containing high Fe increased the yield. Grain crude fat content remained unaffected. Crude fiber was enhanced up to three-fold by 60% Zn + 40% Fe<sub>5.5</sub> (5.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 60% Zn + 40% Fe). Moreover, 80% Zn + 20% Fe<sub>5.5</sub> (5.5 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 80% Zn + 20% Fe) was the best combination for increasing crude protein. Zinc applied alone enhanced Zn concentration in grain. In addition, Fe was slightly improved by an application of Zn and Fe in the first year, but a greater increase was observed in the second year, where 100% Fe<sub>13</sub> (13 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> of 100% Fe) was the best in improving Fe in grain. Foliar application of Zn and Fe is a practical approach to increase Zn and Fe concentration, and to improve the quality of wheat grains.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/5/250combined zinc and iron fertilizersfoliar sprayagronomic biofortificationwheat |
| spellingShingle | Etienne Niyigaba Angelique Twizerimana Innocent Mugenzi Wansim Aboubakar Ngnadong Yu Ping Ye Bang Mo Wu Jiang Bo Hai Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers Agronomy combined zinc and iron fertilizers foliar spray agronomic biofortification wheat |
| title | Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers |
| title_full | Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers |
| title_fullStr | Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers |
| title_short | Winter Wheat Grain Quality, Zinc and Iron Concentration Affected by a Combined Foliar Spray of Zinc and Iron Fertilizers |
| title_sort | winter wheat grain quality zinc and iron concentration affected by a combined foliar spray of zinc and iron fertilizers |
| topic | combined zinc and iron fertilizers foliar spray agronomic biofortification wheat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/5/250 |
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