Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases
Background On August 25, 2019, the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research notified the confirmation of a circulating-vaccine-derived poliovirus type-2 (cVDPV2) from the Agbogbloshie environmental surveillance (AES) site, in the Greater Accra Region. A field investigation of the outbreak was...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1852009 |
| _version_ | 1827809507300868096 |
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| author | John Kofi Odoom Evangeline Obodai Gifty Boateng Stanley Diamenu Keren Attiku Patrick Avevor Ewurabena Duker Bismarck Boahene Miriam Eshun Emmanuel Gberbie Joseph Kwadwo Larbi Opare |
| author_facet | John Kofi Odoom Evangeline Obodai Gifty Boateng Stanley Diamenu Keren Attiku Patrick Avevor Ewurabena Duker Bismarck Boahene Miriam Eshun Emmanuel Gberbie Joseph Kwadwo Larbi Opare |
| author_sort | John Kofi Odoom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background On August 25, 2019, the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research notified the confirmation of a circulating-vaccine-derived poliovirus type-2 (cVDPV2) from the Agbogbloshie environmental surveillance (AES) site, in the Greater Accra Region. A field investigation of the outbreak was conducted to describe the results of epidemiological and laboratory investigations, and control efforts. Methods We conducted a descriptive investigation, records review, and active-case-search. Caregivers were interviewed on the vaccination status of their children; knowledge, attitude, and practices on polio prevention; water, sanitation and hygiene practices, and health-seeking behaviors. Stool from healthy children <5 y and sewage samples were taken for laboratory diagnosis. Results cVDPV2 genetically similar to the cVDPV2 diagnosed recently in the Northern Region of Ghana and Nigeria was identified. 2019 half-year coverage of OPV and IPV was 22%. Fully immunized children were 49% (29/59). Most health workers (70%) had a fair knowledge of polio and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Forty-six percent of care-givers admitted to using the large drain linked to the site where the cVDPV2 was isolated as their place of convenience and disposing of the fecal matter of their children. No AFP case was identified. Stool samples from 40 healthy children yielded non-polio enteroviruses while 75% (3/4) of the additional sewage samples yielded cVDPV2. Conclusion cVDPV2 was isolated from the AES site. No AFP or poliovirus was identified from healthy children. There is a need to improve health workers’ knowledge on AFP and to address the dire sanitation conditions in the Agbogbloshie market and its environs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:41:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-10e23b5c568e4c97b0fa77d6f0fc143f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-10e23b5c568e4c97b0fa77d6f0fc143f2023-09-22T08:51:52ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2021-07-011772117212410.1080/21645515.2020.18520091852009Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical casesJohn Kofi Odoom0Evangeline Obodai1Gifty Boateng2Stanley Diamenu3Keren Attiku4Patrick Avevor5Ewurabena Duker6Bismarck Boahene7Miriam Eshun8Emmanuel Gberbie9Joseph Kwadwo Larbi Opare10Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaGhana Health ServiceWorld Health Organization, Country OfficeNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaGhana Health Service, Private Mail Bag, MinistriesNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaNoguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of GhanaGhana Health Service, Private Mail Bag, MinistriesBackground On August 25, 2019, the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research notified the confirmation of a circulating-vaccine-derived poliovirus type-2 (cVDPV2) from the Agbogbloshie environmental surveillance (AES) site, in the Greater Accra Region. A field investigation of the outbreak was conducted to describe the results of epidemiological and laboratory investigations, and control efforts. Methods We conducted a descriptive investigation, records review, and active-case-search. Caregivers were interviewed on the vaccination status of their children; knowledge, attitude, and practices on polio prevention; water, sanitation and hygiene practices, and health-seeking behaviors. Stool from healthy children <5 y and sewage samples were taken for laboratory diagnosis. Results cVDPV2 genetically similar to the cVDPV2 diagnosed recently in the Northern Region of Ghana and Nigeria was identified. 2019 half-year coverage of OPV and IPV was 22%. Fully immunized children were 49% (29/59). Most health workers (70%) had a fair knowledge of polio and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Forty-six percent of care-givers admitted to using the large drain linked to the site where the cVDPV2 was isolated as their place of convenience and disposing of the fecal matter of their children. No AFP case was identified. Stool samples from 40 healthy children yielded non-polio enteroviruses while 75% (3/4) of the additional sewage samples yielded cVDPV2. Conclusion cVDPV2 was isolated from the AES site. No AFP or poliovirus was identified from healthy children. There is a need to improve health workers’ knowledge on AFP and to address the dire sanitation conditions in the Agbogbloshie market and its environs.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1852009poliocirculating vaccine-derived poliovirusmopvagbobloshie – accraghana |
| spellingShingle | John Kofi Odoom Evangeline Obodai Gifty Boateng Stanley Diamenu Keren Attiku Patrick Avevor Ewurabena Duker Bismarck Boahene Miriam Eshun Emmanuel Gberbie Joseph Kwadwo Larbi Opare Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics polio circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus mopv agbobloshie – accra ghana |
| title | Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| title_full | Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| title_fullStr | Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| title_short | Detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| title_sort | detection of vaccine derived poliovirus circulation by environmental surveillance in the absence of clinical cases |
| topic | polio circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus mopv agbobloshie – accra ghana |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1852009 |
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