The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions
The study aim was to test the applicability of exoskeletons and molts from mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) cultures as sorbents for anionic dyes: Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Yellow (RY84). Factors investigated included: characteristics of sorbents (FTIR, pH<sub>PZC</s...
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| स्वरूप: | लेख |
| भाषा: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| श्रृंखला: | Applied Sciences |
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| ऑनलाइन पहुंच: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/13/7379 |
| _version_ | 1827735187587334144 |
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| author | Tomasz Jóźwiak Urszula Filipkowska Tadeusz Bakuła |
| author_facet | Tomasz Jóźwiak Urszula Filipkowska Tadeusz Bakuła |
| author_sort | Tomasz Jóźwiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study aim was to test the applicability of exoskeletons and molts from mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) cultures as sorbents for anionic dyes: Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Yellow (RY84). Factors investigated included: characteristics of sorbents (FTIR, pH<sub>PZC</sub>), the influence of pH on sorption efficiency, sorption kinetics (pseudo-first, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion models), and determination of the maximum sorption capacity (Langmuir 1, Langmuir 2, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models). The sorption efficiency of anionic dyes on the tested sorbents was the highest at pH 2. The time needed to reach the sorption equilibrium for both dyes was 120–150 min. The sorption kinetics of the dyes were best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Maximum sorption capacity data showed the best fit to Langmuir 2 isotherm, suggesting that at least two types of sorption centers played an important role in dye sorption. Presumably, for both of the tested sorbents, the active sites in question were protonated amine (-NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), acetamide (NH<sub>2</sub>COCH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), and hydroxyl groups (-OH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>) of chitin and protein. The maximum RB5 and RY84 sorption capacity of the tested sorbents was 78.70 mg/g and 60.49 mg/g, respectively, for mealworm exoskeletons, as well as 55.72 mg/g and 44.25 mg/g, respectively, for mealworm molts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:47:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-10f7c47e919a418a8f88545d2d0fe14a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:47:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-10f7c47e919a418a8f88545d2d0fe14a2023-11-18T16:05:34ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-06-011313737910.3390/app13137379The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous SolutionsTomasz Jóźwiak0Urszula Filipkowska1Tadeusz Bakuła2Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska St. 117a, 10-957 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Environmental Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska St. 117a, 10-957 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13 St., 10-718 Olsztyn, PolandThe study aim was to test the applicability of exoskeletons and molts from mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) cultures as sorbents for anionic dyes: Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Yellow (RY84). Factors investigated included: characteristics of sorbents (FTIR, pH<sub>PZC</sub>), the influence of pH on sorption efficiency, sorption kinetics (pseudo-first, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion models), and determination of the maximum sorption capacity (Langmuir 1, Langmuir 2, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models). The sorption efficiency of anionic dyes on the tested sorbents was the highest at pH 2. The time needed to reach the sorption equilibrium for both dyes was 120–150 min. The sorption kinetics of the dyes were best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Maximum sorption capacity data showed the best fit to Langmuir 2 isotherm, suggesting that at least two types of sorption centers played an important role in dye sorption. Presumably, for both of the tested sorbents, the active sites in question were protonated amine (-NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), acetamide (NH<sub>2</sub>COCH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>), and hydroxyl groups (-OH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>) of chitin and protein. The maximum RB5 and RY84 sorption capacity of the tested sorbents was 78.70 mg/g and 60.49 mg/g, respectively, for mealworm exoskeletons, as well as 55.72 mg/g and 44.25 mg/g, respectively, for mealworm molts.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/13/7379mealwormexoskeletonsmoltssorptionreactive dyes |
| spellingShingle | Tomasz Jóźwiak Urszula Filipkowska Tadeusz Bakuła The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions Applied Sciences mealworm exoskeletons molts sorption reactive dyes |
| title | The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full | The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_fullStr | The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_short | The Use of Exoskeletons and Molts of Farmed Mealworm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>) for the Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solutions |
| title_sort | use of exoskeletons and molts of farmed mealworm i tenebrio molitor i for the removal of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions |
| topic | mealworm exoskeletons molts sorption reactive dyes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/13/7379 |
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