SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents
G nerve agents are colorless, odorless, and lethal chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The threat of CWAs, which cause critical damage to humans, continues to exist, e.g., in warfare or terrorist attacks. Therefore, it is important to be able to detect these agents rapidly and with a high degree of sens...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7028 |
| _version_ | 1827700520236613632 |
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| author | Jinuk Kim Hyewon Park Jihyun Kim Byung-Il Seo Joo-Hyung Kim |
| author_facet | Jinuk Kim Hyewon Park Jihyun Kim Byung-Il Seo Joo-Hyung Kim |
| author_sort | Jinuk Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | G nerve agents are colorless, odorless, and lethal chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The threat of CWAs, which cause critical damage to humans, continues to exist, e.g., in warfare or terrorist attacks. Therefore, it is important to be able to detect these agents rapidly and with a high degree of sensitivity. In this study, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) array device with three SAW sensors coated with different sensing materials and one uncoated sensor was tested to determine the most suitable material for the detection of nerve agents and related simulants. The three materials used were polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), 1-benzyl-3-phenylthiourea (TU-1), and 1-ethyl-3-(4-fluorobenzyl) thiourea (TU-2). The SAW sensor coated with the POSS-based polymer showed the highest sensitivity and the fastest response time at concentrations below the median lethal concentration (LCt<sub>50</sub>) for tabun (GA) and sarin (GB). Also, it maintained good performance over the 180 days of exposure tests for dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). A comparison of the sensitivities of analyte vapors also confirmed that the sensitivity for DMMP was similar to that for GB. Considering that DMMP is a simulant which physically and chemically resembles GB, the sensitivity to a real agent of the sensor coated with POSS could be predicted. Therefore, POSS, which has strong hydrogen bond acid properties and which showed similar reaction characteristics between the simulant and the nerve agent, can be considered a suitable material for nerve agent detection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:14:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-110a05dfda744e6d93569339cbe948ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:14:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-110a05dfda744e6d93569339cbe948ef2023-11-20T23:54:23ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-12-012024702810.3390/s20247028SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve AgentsJinuk Kim0Hyewon Park1Jihyun Kim2Byung-Il Seo3Joo-Hyung Kim4Laboratory of Intelligent Devices and Thermal Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering, INHA University, inha-ro 100, Incheon 22212, KoreaLaboratory of Intelligent Devices and Thermal Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering, INHA University, inha-ro 100, Incheon 22212, KoreaInha Institute of Space Science and Technology (Inha IST), INHA University, inha-ro 100, Incheon 22212, KoreaInha Institute of Space Science and Technology (Inha IST), INHA University, inha-ro 100, Incheon 22212, KoreaLaboratory of Intelligent Devices and Thermal Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering, INHA University, inha-ro 100, Incheon 22212, KoreaG nerve agents are colorless, odorless, and lethal chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The threat of CWAs, which cause critical damage to humans, continues to exist, e.g., in warfare or terrorist attacks. Therefore, it is important to be able to detect these agents rapidly and with a high degree of sensitivity. In this study, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) array device with three SAW sensors coated with different sensing materials and one uncoated sensor was tested to determine the most suitable material for the detection of nerve agents and related simulants. The three materials used were polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), 1-benzyl-3-phenylthiourea (TU-1), and 1-ethyl-3-(4-fluorobenzyl) thiourea (TU-2). The SAW sensor coated with the POSS-based polymer showed the highest sensitivity and the fastest response time at concentrations below the median lethal concentration (LCt<sub>50</sub>) for tabun (GA) and sarin (GB). Also, it maintained good performance over the 180 days of exposure tests for dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). A comparison of the sensitivities of analyte vapors also confirmed that the sensitivity for DMMP was similar to that for GB. Considering that DMMP is a simulant which physically and chemically resembles GB, the sensitivity to a real agent of the sensor coated with POSS could be predicted. Therefore, POSS, which has strong hydrogen bond acid properties and which showed similar reaction characteristics between the simulant and the nerve agent, can be considered a suitable material for nerve agent detection.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7028SAW array sensorchemical warfare agentsurface acoustic wavepolyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanedimethyl methylphosphonate |
| spellingShingle | Jinuk Kim Hyewon Park Jihyun Kim Byung-Il Seo Joo-Hyung Kim SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents Sensors SAW array sensor chemical warfare agent surface acoustic wave polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dimethyl methylphosphonate |
| title | SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents |
| title_full | SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents |
| title_fullStr | SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents |
| title_short | SAW Chemical Array Device Coated with Polymeric Sensing Materials for the Detection of Nerve Agents |
| title_sort | saw chemical array device coated with polymeric sensing materials for the detection of nerve agents |
| topic | SAW array sensor chemical warfare agent surface acoustic wave polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane dimethyl methylphosphonate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/24/7028 |
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