Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves
Basic behaviors, such as swallowing, speech, and emotional expressions are the result of a highly coordinated interplay between multiple muscles of the head. Control mechanisms of such highly tuned movements remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural components responsible for motor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroanatomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnana.2023.1198042/full |
| _version_ | 1797813571443228672 |
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| author | Vlad Tereshenko Vlad Tereshenko Udo Maierhofer Dominik C. Dotzauer Gregor Laengle Olga Politikou Genova Carrero Rojas Christopher Festin Christopher Festin Matthias Luft Matthias Luft Florian J. Jaklin Laura A. Hruby Laura A. Hruby Andreas Gohritz Dario Farina Roland Blumer Konstantin D. Bergmeister Konstantin D. Bergmeister Oskar C. Aszmann Oskar C. Aszmann |
| author_facet | Vlad Tereshenko Vlad Tereshenko Udo Maierhofer Dominik C. Dotzauer Gregor Laengle Olga Politikou Genova Carrero Rojas Christopher Festin Christopher Festin Matthias Luft Matthias Luft Florian J. Jaklin Laura A. Hruby Laura A. Hruby Andreas Gohritz Dario Farina Roland Blumer Konstantin D. Bergmeister Konstantin D. Bergmeister Oskar C. Aszmann Oskar C. Aszmann |
| author_sort | Vlad Tereshenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Basic behaviors, such as swallowing, speech, and emotional expressions are the result of a highly coordinated interplay between multiple muscles of the head. Control mechanisms of such highly tuned movements remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural components responsible for motor control of the facial, masticatory, and tongue muscles in humans using specific molecular markers (ChAT, MBP, NF, TH). Our findings showed that a higher number of motor axonal population is responsible for facial expressions and tongue movements, compared to muscles in the upper extremity. Sensory axons appear to be responsible for neural feedback from cutaneous mechanoreceptors to control the movement of facial muscles and the tongue. The newly discovered sympathetic axonal population in the facial nerve is hypothesized to be responsible for involuntary control of the muscle tone. These findings shed light on the pivotal role of high efferent input and rich somatosensory feedback in neuromuscular control of finely adjusted cranial systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:54:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-112968212b754d0db960bc5712d43c2f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5129 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:54:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroanatomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-112968212b754d0db960bc5712d43c2f2023-06-02T06:01:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroanatomy1662-51292023-06-011710.3389/fnana.2023.11980421198042Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nervesVlad Tereshenko0Vlad Tereshenko1Udo Maierhofer2Dominik C. Dotzauer3Gregor Laengle4Olga Politikou5Genova Carrero Rojas6Christopher Festin7Christopher Festin8Matthias Luft9Matthias Luft10Florian J. Jaklin11Laura A. Hruby12Laura A. Hruby13Andreas Gohritz14Dario Farina15Roland Blumer16Konstantin D. Bergmeister17Konstantin D. Bergmeister18Oskar C. Aszmann19Oskar C. Aszmann20Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaCenter for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United StatesClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Plastic Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomCenter for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, AustriaClinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaBasic behaviors, such as swallowing, speech, and emotional expressions are the result of a highly coordinated interplay between multiple muscles of the head. Control mechanisms of such highly tuned movements remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural components responsible for motor control of the facial, masticatory, and tongue muscles in humans using specific molecular markers (ChAT, MBP, NF, TH). Our findings showed that a higher number of motor axonal population is responsible for facial expressions and tongue movements, compared to muscles in the upper extremity. Sensory axons appear to be responsible for neural feedback from cutaneous mechanoreceptors to control the movement of facial muscles and the tongue. The newly discovered sympathetic axonal population in the facial nerve is hypothesized to be responsible for involuntary control of the muscle tone. These findings shed light on the pivotal role of high efferent input and rich somatosensory feedback in neuromuscular control of finely adjusted cranial systems.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnana.2023.1198042/fullfacial nervehypoglossal nervemasseteric nervefacial musclessensory feedbacksympathetic axons |
| spellingShingle | Vlad Tereshenko Vlad Tereshenko Udo Maierhofer Dominik C. Dotzauer Gregor Laengle Olga Politikou Genova Carrero Rojas Christopher Festin Christopher Festin Matthias Luft Matthias Luft Florian J. Jaklin Laura A. Hruby Laura A. Hruby Andreas Gohritz Dario Farina Roland Blumer Konstantin D. Bergmeister Konstantin D. Bergmeister Oskar C. Aszmann Oskar C. Aszmann Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves Frontiers in Neuroanatomy facial nerve hypoglossal nerve masseteric nerve facial muscles sensory feedback sympathetic axons |
| title | Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| title_full | Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| title_fullStr | Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| title_short | Axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| title_sort | axonal mapping of the motor cranial nerves |
| topic | facial nerve hypoglossal nerve masseteric nerve facial muscles sensory feedback sympathetic axons |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnana.2023.1198042/full |
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