Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles
<p>Microwave remote sensing of the cryosphere demands a formulation of the scattering coefficient which can be applied over the entire range of relevant densities, from fresh snow to bubbly ice, at all frequencies and for any grain size and snow type. Most challenging are intermediate densitie...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | The Cryosphere |
| Online Access: | https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/3861/2022/tc-16-3861-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818016431108784128 |
|---|---|
| author | G. Picard G. Picard H. Löwe C. Mätzler |
| author_facet | G. Picard G. Picard H. Löwe C. Mätzler |
| author_sort | G. Picard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Microwave remote sensing of the cryosphere demands a formulation of the scattering coefficient which can be applied over the entire range of relevant densities, from fresh snow to bubbly ice, at all frequencies and for any grain size and snow type. Most challenging are intermediate densities (450–550 <span class="inline-formula">kg m<sup>−3</sup></span>) and high frequencies (or coarse-grained snow) where current scattering formulations break down. In this brief communication we demonstrate that the strong contrast expansion method recently developed for heterogeneous, dielectric media can be applied to microwave scattering in snow, firn and ice to solve these problems.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:13:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-112c5c32b4a349a7b40fbffe334f1680 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1994-0416 1994-0424 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:13:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Cryosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-112c5c32b4a349a7b40fbffe334f16802022-12-22T02:06:22ZengCopernicus PublicationsThe Cryosphere1994-04161994-04242022-09-01163861386610.5194/tc-16-3861-2022Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principlesG. Picard0G. Picard1H. Löwe2C. Mätzler3Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), UMR 5001, Grenoble, FranceGeological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), 1350 Copenhagen, DenmarkWSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, SwitzerlandGAMMA Remote Sensing AG, Gümligen, Switzerland<p>Microwave remote sensing of the cryosphere demands a formulation of the scattering coefficient which can be applied over the entire range of relevant densities, from fresh snow to bubbly ice, at all frequencies and for any grain size and snow type. Most challenging are intermediate densities (450–550 <span class="inline-formula">kg m<sup>−3</sup></span>) and high frequencies (or coarse-grained snow) where current scattering formulations break down. In this brief communication we demonstrate that the strong contrast expansion method recently developed for heterogeneous, dielectric media can be applied to microwave scattering in snow, firn and ice to solve these problems.</p>https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/3861/2022/tc-16-3861-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | G. Picard G. Picard H. Löwe C. Mätzler Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles The Cryosphere |
| title | Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| title_full | Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| title_fullStr | Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| title_short | Brief communication: A continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| title_sort | brief communication a continuous formulation of microwave scattering from fresh snow to bubbly ice from first principles |
| url | https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/3861/2022/tc-16-3861-2022.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gpicard briefcommunicationacontinuousformulationofmicrowavescatteringfromfreshsnowtobubblyicefromfirstprinciples AT gpicard briefcommunicationacontinuousformulationofmicrowavescatteringfromfreshsnowtobubblyicefromfirstprinciples AT hlowe briefcommunicationacontinuousformulationofmicrowavescatteringfromfreshsnowtobubblyicefromfirstprinciples AT cmatzler briefcommunicationacontinuousformulationofmicrowavescatteringfromfreshsnowtobubblyicefromfirstprinciples |