Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status
Background The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic trinucleotide (CAG) microsatellite repeat sequence (short or long alleles) that has been associated with fat-free mass in untrained men, which needs to be replicated in athletic cohorts. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Annals of Human Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1919204 |
| _version_ | 1827818291129745408 |
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| author | João Paulo L. F. Guilherme Yulia V. Shikhova Rimma R. Dondukovskaya Alexandra A. Topanova Ekaterina A. Semenova Irina V. Astratenkova Ildus I. Ahmetov |
| author_facet | João Paulo L. F. Guilherme Yulia V. Shikhova Rimma R. Dondukovskaya Alexandra A. Topanova Ekaterina A. Semenova Irina V. Astratenkova Ildus I. Ahmetov |
| author_sort | João Paulo L. F. Guilherme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic trinucleotide (CAG) microsatellite repeat sequence (short or long alleles) that has been associated with fat-free mass in untrained men, which needs to be replicated in athletic cohorts. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the AR (CAG)n polymorphism in trained individuals. Subjects and methods A total of 61 professional bodybuilders (40 males, 21 females), 73 elite male sprinters and weightlifters and 186 male controls were enrolled in this study. The influence of the AR (CAG)n polymorphism on muscle mass and strength was assessed in bodybuilders, while the frequencies of AR (CAG)n alleles were compared between power athletes and non-athletes. Results The polymorphism was associated with anthropometric and strength measurements in bodybuilders of both genders. Those with ≥21 CAG repeats (i.e. carriers of long alleles) exhibited greater (p < 0.05) body mass index, absolute muscle mass, arm/thigh circumference and upper/lower limb strength compared to those with <21 CAG repeats. Furthermore, carriers of ≥21 CAG repeats were more frequent among power athletes compared to controls (p = 0.0076). Conclusions Long alleles of the AR (CAG)n polymorphism were associated with greater muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders, and power athlete status. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:45:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11460ec38156430c8d30f89142a97cff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0301-4460 1464-5033 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:45:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Human Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-11460ec38156430c8d30f89142a97cff2023-09-14T15:36:13ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Human Biology0301-44601464-50332021-02-0148214214910.1080/03014460.2021.19192041919204Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete statusJoão Paulo L. F. Guilherme0Yulia V. Shikhova1Rimma R. Dondukovskaya2Alexandra A. Topanova3Ekaterina A. Semenova4Irina V. Astratenkova5Ildus I. Ahmetov6Laboratory of Applied Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical CultureSports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical CultureSports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical CultureDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological AgencySports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical CultureSports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical CultureBackground The androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a polymorphic trinucleotide (CAG) microsatellite repeat sequence (short or long alleles) that has been associated with fat-free mass in untrained men, which needs to be replicated in athletic cohorts. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the AR (CAG)n polymorphism in trained individuals. Subjects and methods A total of 61 professional bodybuilders (40 males, 21 females), 73 elite male sprinters and weightlifters and 186 male controls were enrolled in this study. The influence of the AR (CAG)n polymorphism on muscle mass and strength was assessed in bodybuilders, while the frequencies of AR (CAG)n alleles were compared between power athletes and non-athletes. Results The polymorphism was associated with anthropometric and strength measurements in bodybuilders of both genders. Those with ≥21 CAG repeats (i.e. carriers of long alleles) exhibited greater (p < 0.05) body mass index, absolute muscle mass, arm/thigh circumference and upper/lower limb strength compared to those with <21 CAG repeats. Furthermore, carriers of ≥21 CAG repeats were more frequent among power athletes compared to controls (p = 0.0076). Conclusions Long alleles of the AR (CAG)n polymorphism were associated with greater muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders, and power athlete status.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1919204anthropometricsgeneticshypertrophyskeletal musclesprintersweightlifters |
| spellingShingle | João Paulo L. F. Guilherme Yulia V. Shikhova Rimma R. Dondukovskaya Alexandra A. Topanova Ekaterina A. Semenova Irina V. Astratenkova Ildus I. Ahmetov Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status Annals of Human Biology anthropometrics genetics hypertrophy skeletal muscle sprinters weightlifters |
| title | Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| title_full | Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| title_fullStr | Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| title_full_unstemmed | Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| title_short | Androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| title_sort | androgen receptor gene microsatellite polymorphism is associated with muscle mass and strength in bodybuilders and power athlete status |
| topic | anthropometrics genetics hypertrophy skeletal muscle sprinters weightlifters |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2021.1919204 |
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