Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon
Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils influences plant development and yield. Almost 50% of arable land is acidic. Plants have evolved a variety of tolerance mechanisms for Al. In response to the presence of Al, various species exudate citrate from their roots. Rye (Secale cereale L.) secretes both c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.832981/full |
| _version_ | 1818394167474126848 |
|---|---|
| author | Diaa Abd El-Moneim Roberto Contreras Javier Silva-Navas Francisco Javier Gallego Ana M. Figueiras Cesar Benito |
| author_facet | Diaa Abd El-Moneim Roberto Contreras Javier Silva-Navas Francisco Javier Gallego Ana M. Figueiras Cesar Benito |
| author_sort | Diaa Abd El-Moneim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils influences plant development and yield. Almost 50% of arable land is acidic. Plants have evolved a variety of tolerance mechanisms for Al. In response to the presence of Al, various species exudate citrate from their roots. Rye (Secale cereale L.) secretes both citrate and malate, making it one of the most Al-tolerant cereal crops. However, no research has been done on the role of the mitochondrial citrate synthase (mCS) gene in Al-induced stress in the rye. We have isolated an mCS gene, encoding a mitochondrial CS isozyme, in two S. cereale cultivars (Al-tolerant cv. Ailés and Al-sensitive inbred rye line Riodeva; ScCS4 gene) and in two Brachypodium distachyon lines (Al-tolerant ABR8 line and Al-sensitive ABR1 line; BdCS4 gene). Both mCS4 genes have 19 exons and 18 introns. The ScCS4 gene was located on the 6RL rye chromosome arm. Phylogenetic studies using cDNA and protein sequences have shown that the ScCS4 gene and their ScCS protein are orthologous to mCS genes and CS proteins of different Poaceae plants. Expression studies of the ScCS4 and BdSC4 genes show that the amount of their corresponding mRNAs in the roots is higher than that in the leaves and that the amounts of mRNAs in plants treated and not treated with Al were higher in the Al-tolerant lines than that in the Al-sensitive lines of both species. In addition, the levels of ScCS4 and BdCS4 mRNAs were reduced in response to Al (repressive behavior) in the roots of the tolerant and sensitive lines of S. cereale and B. distachyon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:56:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-115807ea8a9942e4ba03bfbed351d3ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:56:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-115807ea8a9942e4ba03bfbed351d3ab2022-12-21T23:14:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-04-011310.3389/fpls.2022.832981832981Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyonDiaa Abd El-MoneimRoberto ContrerasJavier Silva-NavasFrancisco Javier GallegoAna M. FigueirasCesar BenitoAluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils influences plant development and yield. Almost 50% of arable land is acidic. Plants have evolved a variety of tolerance mechanisms for Al. In response to the presence of Al, various species exudate citrate from their roots. Rye (Secale cereale L.) secretes both citrate and malate, making it one of the most Al-tolerant cereal crops. However, no research has been done on the role of the mitochondrial citrate synthase (mCS) gene in Al-induced stress in the rye. We have isolated an mCS gene, encoding a mitochondrial CS isozyme, in two S. cereale cultivars (Al-tolerant cv. Ailés and Al-sensitive inbred rye line Riodeva; ScCS4 gene) and in two Brachypodium distachyon lines (Al-tolerant ABR8 line and Al-sensitive ABR1 line; BdCS4 gene). Both mCS4 genes have 19 exons and 18 introns. The ScCS4 gene was located on the 6RL rye chromosome arm. Phylogenetic studies using cDNA and protein sequences have shown that the ScCS4 gene and their ScCS protein are orthologous to mCS genes and CS proteins of different Poaceae plants. Expression studies of the ScCS4 and BdSC4 genes show that the amount of their corresponding mRNAs in the roots is higher than that in the leaves and that the amounts of mRNAs in plants treated and not treated with Al were higher in the Al-tolerant lines than that in the Al-sensitive lines of both species. In addition, the levels of ScCS4 and BdCS4 mRNAs were reduced in response to Al (repressive behavior) in the roots of the tolerant and sensitive lines of S. cereale and B. distachyon.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.832981/fullaluminum tolerancemitochondrial citrate synthaseexpression changesSecale cerealeBrachypodium distachyon |
| spellingShingle | Diaa Abd El-Moneim Roberto Contreras Javier Silva-Navas Francisco Javier Gallego Ana M. Figueiras Cesar Benito Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon Frontiers in Plant Science aluminum tolerance mitochondrial citrate synthase expression changes Secale cereale Brachypodium distachyon |
| title | Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon |
| title_full | Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon |
| title_fullStr | Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon |
| title_short | Repression of Mitochondrial Citrate Synthase Genes by Aluminum Stress in Roots of Secale cereale and Brachypodium distachyon |
| title_sort | repression of mitochondrial citrate synthase genes by aluminum stress in roots of secale cereale and brachypodium distachyon |
| topic | aluminum tolerance mitochondrial citrate synthase expression changes Secale cereale Brachypodium distachyon |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.832981/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT diaaabdelmoneim repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon AT robertocontreras repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon AT javiersilvanavas repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon AT franciscojaviergallego repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon AT anamfigueiras repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon AT cesarbenito repressionofmitochondrialcitratesynthasegenesbyaluminumstressinrootsofsecalecerealeandbrachypodiumdistachyon |