Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of <i>Pinus halepensis</i> Seedlings in North Africa

The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chadlia Hachani, Mohammed S. Lamhamedi, Claudio Cameselle, Susana Gouveia, Abdenbi Zine El Abidine, Damase P. Khasa, Zoubeir Béjaoui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-12-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/12/2033
Description
Summary:The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study aims to assess the growth and the nutritional status of ectomycorrhizal <i>Pinus halepensis</i> seedlings subjected to high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd for possible integration in the restoration of heavy metals contaminated sites. Ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal <i>P. halepensis</i> seedlings were grown in uncontaminated (control) and contaminated soils for 12 months. Growth, mineral nutrition, and heavy metal content were assessed. Results showed that ectomycorrhizae significantly improved shoot and roots dry masses of <i>P. halepensis</i> seedlings, as well as nitrogen shoot content. The absorption of Pb, Zn, and Cd was much higher in the roots than in the shoots, and significantly more pronounced in ectomycorrhizal seedlings—especially for Zn and Cd. The presence of ectomycorrhizae significantly reduced the translocation factor of Zn and Cd and bioaccumulation factor of Pb and Cd, which enhanced the phytostabilizing potential of <i>P. halepensis</i> seedlings. These results support the use of ectomycorrhizal <i>P. halepensis</i> in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.
ISSN:2076-2607