Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study
Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a devastating and unpredictable complication of thoracoabdominal aortic repair. Postischemic Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation through either direct agonists or shock wave therapy (SWT) has been previously shown to ameliorate damage in SCI models. Whether the same...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/8/2115 |
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| author | Daniela Lobenwein Rosalie Huber Lars Kerbler Alexandra Gratl Sabine Wipper Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü Johannes Holfeld |
| author_facet | Daniela Lobenwein Rosalie Huber Lars Kerbler Alexandra Gratl Sabine Wipper Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü Johannes Holfeld |
| author_sort | Daniela Lobenwein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a devastating and unpredictable complication of thoracoabdominal aortic repair. Postischemic Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation through either direct agonists or shock wave therapy (SWT) has been previously shown to ameliorate damage in SCI models. Whether the same applies for pre- or postconditioning remains unclear. In a model of cultured SHSY-5Y cells, preconditioning with either poly(I:C), a TLR3 agonist, or SWT was performed before induction of hypoxia, whereas postconditioning treatment was performed after termination of hypoxia. We measured cytokine expression via RT-PCR and utilized Western blot analysis for the analysis of signaling and apoptosis. TLR3 activation via poly(I:C) significantly reduced apoptotic markers in both pre- and postconditioning, the former yielding more favorable results through an additional suppression of TLR4 and its downstream signaling. On the contrary, SWT showed slightly more favorable effects in the setting of postconditioning with significantly reduced markers of apoptosis. Pre- and post-ischemic direct TLR3 activation as well as post-ischemic SWT can decrease apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine expression significantly in vitro and might therefore pose possible new treatment strategies for ischemic spinal cord injury. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:29:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11a3f4a2e4e347048ed6a1b95c8f1a0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:29:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-11a3f4a2e4e347048ed6a1b95c8f1a0a2023-11-30T21:19:01ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-04-01118211510.3390/jcm11082115Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro StudyDaniela Lobenwein0Rosalie Huber1Lars Kerbler2Alexandra Gratl3Sabine Wipper4Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü5Johannes Holfeld6Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaSpinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a devastating and unpredictable complication of thoracoabdominal aortic repair. Postischemic Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation through either direct agonists or shock wave therapy (SWT) has been previously shown to ameliorate damage in SCI models. Whether the same applies for pre- or postconditioning remains unclear. In a model of cultured SHSY-5Y cells, preconditioning with either poly(I:C), a TLR3 agonist, or SWT was performed before induction of hypoxia, whereas postconditioning treatment was performed after termination of hypoxia. We measured cytokine expression via RT-PCR and utilized Western blot analysis for the analysis of signaling and apoptosis. TLR3 activation via poly(I:C) significantly reduced apoptotic markers in both pre- and postconditioning, the former yielding more favorable results through an additional suppression of TLR4 and its downstream signaling. On the contrary, SWT showed slightly more favorable effects in the setting of postconditioning with significantly reduced markers of apoptosis. Pre- and post-ischemic direct TLR3 activation as well as post-ischemic SWT can decrease apoptosis and proinflammatory cytokine expression significantly in vitro and might therefore pose possible new treatment strategies for ischemic spinal cord injury.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/8/2115thoracoabdominal aneurysmspinal cord ischemiaischemic conditioningToll-like receptor 3shock wave therapy |
| spellingShingle | Daniela Lobenwein Rosalie Huber Lars Kerbler Alexandra Gratl Sabine Wipper Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü Johannes Holfeld Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study Journal of Clinical Medicine thoracoabdominal aneurysm spinal cord ischemia ischemic conditioning Toll-like receptor 3 shock wave therapy |
| title | Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full | Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study |
| title_fullStr | Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study |
| title_short | Neuronal Pre- and Postconditioning via Toll-like Receptor 3 Agonist or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy as New Treatment Strategies for Spinal Cord Ischemia: An In Vitro Study |
| title_sort | neuronal pre and postconditioning via toll like receptor 3 agonist or extracorporeal shock wave therapy as new treatment strategies for spinal cord ischemia an in vitro study |
| topic | thoracoabdominal aneurysm spinal cord ischemia ischemic conditioning Toll-like receptor 3 shock wave therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/8/2115 |
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