The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Yemiao Gao, Xia Liu, Jinmeng Liu, Hui Wang Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xia Liu, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Psychology Research and Behavior Management |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-effects-of-self-criticism-and-self-compassion-on-adolescents-depre-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PRBM |
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| author | Gao Y Liu X Liu J Wang H |
| author_facet | Gao Y Liu X Liu J Wang H |
| author_sort | Gao Y |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Yemiao Gao, Xia Liu, Jinmeng Liu, Hui Wang Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xia Liu, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax + 86 10 58806819, Email liuxia@bnu.edu.cnPurpose: Symptoms of depression increase during adolescence as do nonsuicidal self-injurious behaviors (NSSI). The present study aimed to investigate how self-criticism interacted with the effects of stressful life events on depressive symptoms and NSSI and whether self-compassion would buffer these negative effects.Methods: A total of 908 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.46, SD = 0.57) completed a cross-sectional survey. The main and interacted effects of stressful life events, self-criticism, self-compassion on depressive symptoms and NSSI were examined respectively.Results: The results showed that self-criticism significantly moderated the relationships between stressful events and depression and NSSI. Self-compassion could buffer the negative impacts of stressful events and self-criticism on NSSI but not on depression. High self-compassion significantly reduced the magnitude of the association between stressful life events and NSSI in adolescents with low self-criticism but not in those with high self-criticism.Conclusion: Self-criticism exacerbated the negative impacts of stressful life events on both depressive symptoms and NSSI, but self-compassion only buffered the impact of stressful life events on NSSI. Interventions designed to reduce NSSI risk of Chinese adolescents may benefit from training them to improve self-compassion abilities and to be less self-critical.Keywords: stressful life events, self-criticism, self-compassion, nonsuicidal self-injury, depressive symptoms |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:01:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11aab0775d4244f4b987d2057c2d19b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1578 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:01:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Psychology Research and Behavior Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-11aab0775d4244f4b987d2057c2d19b92023-08-13T22:16:47ZengDove Medical PressPsychology Research and Behavior Management1179-15782023-08-01Volume 163219323085836The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-InjuryGao YLiu XLiu JWang HYemiao Gao, Xia Liu, Jinmeng Liu, Hui Wang Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xia Liu, Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax + 86 10 58806819, Email liuxia@bnu.edu.cnPurpose: Symptoms of depression increase during adolescence as do nonsuicidal self-injurious behaviors (NSSI). The present study aimed to investigate how self-criticism interacted with the effects of stressful life events on depressive symptoms and NSSI and whether self-compassion would buffer these negative effects.Methods: A total of 908 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.46, SD = 0.57) completed a cross-sectional survey. The main and interacted effects of stressful life events, self-criticism, self-compassion on depressive symptoms and NSSI were examined respectively.Results: The results showed that self-criticism significantly moderated the relationships between stressful events and depression and NSSI. Self-compassion could buffer the negative impacts of stressful events and self-criticism on NSSI but not on depression. High self-compassion significantly reduced the magnitude of the association between stressful life events and NSSI in adolescents with low self-criticism but not in those with high self-criticism.Conclusion: Self-criticism exacerbated the negative impacts of stressful life events on both depressive symptoms and NSSI, but self-compassion only buffered the impact of stressful life events on NSSI. Interventions designed to reduce NSSI risk of Chinese adolescents may benefit from training them to improve self-compassion abilities and to be less self-critical.Keywords: stressful life events, self-criticism, self-compassion, nonsuicidal self-injury, depressive symptomshttps://www.dovepress.com/the-effects-of-self-criticism-and-self-compassion-on-adolescents-depre-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PRBMstressful life eventsself-criticismself-compassionnonsuicidal self-injurydepressive symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Gao Y Liu X Liu J Wang H The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Psychology Research and Behavior Management stressful life events self-criticism self-compassion nonsuicidal self-injury depressive symptoms |
| title | The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury |
| title_full | The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury |
| title_short | The Effects of Self-Criticism and Self-Compassion on Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury |
| title_sort | effects of self criticism and self compassion on adolescents rsquo depressive symptoms and nonsuicidal self injury |
| topic | stressful life events self-criticism self-compassion nonsuicidal self-injury depressive symptoms |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-effects-of-self-criticism-and-self-compassion-on-adolescents-depre-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PRBM |
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