Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental hort...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235/full |
| _version_ | 1818919530466902016 |
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| author | Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Akiko Yoshida Akiko Yoshida Yusuke Kakei Kosuke Fukui Kosuke Fukui Mikiko Kojima Yumiko Takebayashi Kanako Yano Shunsuke Imanishi Hitoshi Sakakibara Hitoshi Sakakibara |
| author_facet | Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Akiko Yoshida Akiko Yoshida Yusuke Kakei Kosuke Fukui Kosuke Fukui Mikiko Kojima Yumiko Takebayashi Kanako Yano Shunsuke Imanishi Hitoshi Sakakibara Hitoshi Sakakibara |
| author_sort | Kinuka Ohtaka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental horticulture. For example, negative DIF (when DT – NT < 0) generally inhibits stem elongation, resulting in dwarf plants. However, the mechanisms underlying stem growth regulation by DIF remains to be completely elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the growth, transcriptome, and phytohormone profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings grown under different DIF treatments. Under positive DIF (when DT – NT > 0), in contrast to the control temperature (25°C/20°C, DT/NT), high temperature (30°C/25°C) increased stem length and thickness, as well as the number of xylem vessels. Conversely, compared with the positive high temperature DIF treatment (30°C/25°C), under negative DIF treatment (25°C/30°C) stem elongation was inhibited, but stem thickness and the number of xylem vessels were not affected. The negative DIF treatment decreased the expression of gibberellin (GA)-, auxin-, and cell wall-related genes in the epicotyl, as well as the concentrations of GAs and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The expression of these genes and concentrations of these hormones increased under high temperature compared to those under the control temperature positive DIF. Our results suggest that stem length in tomato seedlings is controlled by changes in GA and IAA biosynthesis in response to varying day and night temperatures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T01:07:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11ad1f7013fc41bcba89e58818139b37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T01:07:19Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-11ad1f7013fc41bcba89e58818139b372022-12-21T19:58:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-12-011110.3389/fpls.2020.577235577235Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin SynthesisKinuka Ohtaka0Kinuka Ohtaka1Kinuka Ohtaka2Akiko Yoshida3Akiko Yoshida4Yusuke Kakei5Kosuke Fukui6Kosuke Fukui7Mikiko Kojima8Yumiko Takebayashi9Kanako Yano10Shunsuke Imanishi11Hitoshi Sakakibara12Hitoshi Sakakibara13RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanGraduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, JapanDepartment of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo, JapanRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanDepartment of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, JapanNARO, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, Tsu, JapanRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanDepartment of Biochemistry, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, JapanRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanNARO, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, Tsu, JapanNARO, Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, Tsu, JapanRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, JapanGraduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, JapanTemperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental horticulture. For example, negative DIF (when DT – NT < 0) generally inhibits stem elongation, resulting in dwarf plants. However, the mechanisms underlying stem growth regulation by DIF remains to be completely elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the growth, transcriptome, and phytohormone profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings grown under different DIF treatments. Under positive DIF (when DT – NT > 0), in contrast to the control temperature (25°C/20°C, DT/NT), high temperature (30°C/25°C) increased stem length and thickness, as well as the number of xylem vessels. Conversely, compared with the positive high temperature DIF treatment (30°C/25°C), under negative DIF treatment (25°C/30°C) stem elongation was inhibited, but stem thickness and the number of xylem vessels were not affected. The negative DIF treatment decreased the expression of gibberellin (GA)-, auxin-, and cell wall-related genes in the epicotyl, as well as the concentrations of GAs and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The expression of these genes and concentrations of these hormones increased under high temperature compared to those under the control temperature positive DIF. Our results suggest that stem length in tomato seedlings is controlled by changes in GA and IAA biosynthesis in response to varying day and night temperatures.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235/fullauxinDIFgibberellinSolanum lycopersicumstem elongationtomato |
| spellingShingle | Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Kinuka Ohtaka Akiko Yoshida Akiko Yoshida Yusuke Kakei Kosuke Fukui Kosuke Fukui Mikiko Kojima Yumiko Takebayashi Kanako Yano Shunsuke Imanishi Hitoshi Sakakibara Hitoshi Sakakibara Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis Frontiers in Plant Science auxin DIF gibberellin Solanum lycopersicum stem elongation tomato |
| title | Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis |
| title_full | Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis |
| title_short | Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis |
| title_sort | difference between day and night temperatures affects stem elongation in tomato solanum lycopersicum seedlings via regulation of gibberellin and auxin synthesis |
| topic | auxin DIF gibberellin Solanum lycopersicum stem elongation tomato |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235/full |
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