Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities
The incidences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are increasing globally because of expanding population and increased dependencies on motorized vehicles and machines. This has resulted in increased socio-economic burden on the healthcare system, as TBIs are often associated with mental and physica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11313 |
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| author | Sana Javaid Talha Farooq Zohabia Rehman Ammara Afzal Waseem Ashraf Muhammad Fawad Rasool Faleh Alqahtani Sary Alsanea Fawaz Alasmari Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi Metab Alharbi Imran Imran |
| author_facet | Sana Javaid Talha Farooq Zohabia Rehman Ammara Afzal Waseem Ashraf Muhammad Fawad Rasool Faleh Alqahtani Sary Alsanea Fawaz Alasmari Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi Metab Alharbi Imran Imran |
| author_sort | Sana Javaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The incidences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are increasing globally because of expanding population and increased dependencies on motorized vehicles and machines. This has resulted in increased socio-economic burden on the healthcare system, as TBIs are often associated with mental and physical morbidities with lifelong dependencies, and have severely limited therapeutic options. There is an emerging need to identify the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these injuries to life-long neurodegenerative disease and a therapeutic strategy to counter them. This review highlights the dynamics and role of choline-containing phospholipids during TBIs and how they can be used to evaluate the severity of injuries and later targeted to mitigate neuro-degradation, based on clinical and preclinical studies. Choline-based phospholipids are involved in maintaining the structural integrity of the neuronal/glial cell membranes and are simultaneously the essential component of various biochemical pathways, such as cholinergic neuronal transmission in the brain. Choline or its metabolite levels increase during acute and chronic phases of TBI because of excitotoxicity, ischemia and oxidative stress; this can serve as useful biomarker to predict the severity and prognosis of TBIs. Moreover, the effect of choline-replenishing agents as a post-TBI management strategy has been reviewed in clinical and preclinical studies. Overall, this review determines the theranostic potential of choline phospholipids and provides new insights in the management of TBI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:02:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11adca7a32b240f49afe159156e8797b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:02:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-11adca7a32b240f49afe159156e8797b2023-11-22T20:50:02ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-10-0122211131310.3390/ijms222111313Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated ComorbiditiesSana Javaid0Talha Farooq1Zohabia Rehman2Ammara Afzal3Waseem Ashraf4Muhammad Fawad Rasool5Faleh Alqahtani6Sary Alsanea7Fawaz Alasmari8Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi9Metab Alharbi10Imran Imran11Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanThe incidences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are increasing globally because of expanding population and increased dependencies on motorized vehicles and machines. This has resulted in increased socio-economic burden on the healthcare system, as TBIs are often associated with mental and physical morbidities with lifelong dependencies, and have severely limited therapeutic options. There is an emerging need to identify the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these injuries to life-long neurodegenerative disease and a therapeutic strategy to counter them. This review highlights the dynamics and role of choline-containing phospholipids during TBIs and how they can be used to evaluate the severity of injuries and later targeted to mitigate neuro-degradation, based on clinical and preclinical studies. Choline-based phospholipids are involved in maintaining the structural integrity of the neuronal/glial cell membranes and are simultaneously the essential component of various biochemical pathways, such as cholinergic neuronal transmission in the brain. Choline or its metabolite levels increase during acute and chronic phases of TBI because of excitotoxicity, ischemia and oxidative stress; this can serve as useful biomarker to predict the severity and prognosis of TBIs. Moreover, the effect of choline-replenishing agents as a post-TBI management strategy has been reviewed in clinical and preclinical studies. Overall, this review determines the theranostic potential of choline phospholipids and provides new insights in the management of TBI.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11313traumatic brain injurycholinephosphatidylcholinebrain phospholipidsciticholinecholine-targeted therapy |
| spellingShingle | Sana Javaid Talha Farooq Zohabia Rehman Ammara Afzal Waseem Ashraf Muhammad Fawad Rasool Faleh Alqahtani Sary Alsanea Fawaz Alasmari Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi Metab Alharbi Imran Imran Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities International Journal of Molecular Sciences traumatic brain injury choline phosphatidylcholine brain phospholipids citicholine choline-targeted therapy |
| title | Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities |
| title_full | Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities |
| title_short | Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities |
| title_sort | dynamics of choline containing phospholipids in traumatic brain injury and associated comorbidities |
| topic | traumatic brain injury choline phosphatidylcholine brain phospholipids citicholine choline-targeted therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11313 |
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