Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study
Gastroenteritis promotes the development of systemic inflammation and a hypercoagulable state. There are limited data regarding the association between gastroenteritis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to evaluate the risk of AMI after an episode of gastroenteritis. In this nested case...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1341 |
| _version_ | 1797474686361141248 |
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| author | Ying-Hsuan Tai Ming-Long Chang Pao-Hsien Chu Chun-Chieh Yeh Yih-Giun Cherng Ta-Liang Chen Chien-Chang Liao |
| author_facet | Ying-Hsuan Tai Ming-Long Chang Pao-Hsien Chu Chun-Chieh Yeh Yih-Giun Cherng Ta-Liang Chen Chien-Chang Liao |
| author_sort | Ying-Hsuan Tai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gastroenteritis promotes the development of systemic inflammation and a hypercoagulable state. There are limited data regarding the association between gastroenteritis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to evaluate the risk of AMI after an episode of gastroenteritis. In this nested case-control study, we selected patients who were hospitalized for AMI (<i>N</i> = 103,584) as a case group during 2010–2017 and performed propensity score matching (case-control ratio 1:1) to select eligible controls from insurance research data in Taiwan. We applied multivariable logistic regressions to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of AMI associated with recent gastroenteritis within 14 days before AMI. We also compared the outcomes after AMI in patients with or without gastroenteritis. A total of 1381 patients (1.3%) with AMI had a prior episode of gastroenteritis compared to 829 (0.8%) among the controls. Gastroenteritis was significantly associated with a subsequent risk of AMI (adjusted OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.54–1.83), which was augmented in hospitalizations for gastroenteritis (adjusted OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.20–5.21). The outcomes after AMI were worse in patients with gastroenteritis than in those without gastroenteritis, including increased 30-day in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.52), medical expenditure, and length of hospital stay. Gastroenteritis may act as a trigger for AMI and correlates with worse post-AMI outcomes. Strategies of aggressive hydration and/or increased antithrombotic therapies for this susceptible population should be further developed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11b1ea200e4944638759385071a07acf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:34:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-11b1ea200e4944638759385071a07acf2023-11-23T23:14:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-02-01115134110.3390/jcm11051341Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control StudyYing-Hsuan Tai0Ming-Long Chang1Pao-Hsien Chu2Chun-Chieh Yeh3Yih-Giun Cherng4Ta-Liang Chen5Chien-Chang Liao6Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, TaiwanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, TaiwanDepartment of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, TaiwanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, TaiwanDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanDepartment of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanGastroenteritis promotes the development of systemic inflammation and a hypercoagulable state. There are limited data regarding the association between gastroenteritis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to evaluate the risk of AMI after an episode of gastroenteritis. In this nested case-control study, we selected patients who were hospitalized for AMI (<i>N</i> = 103,584) as a case group during 2010–2017 and performed propensity score matching (case-control ratio 1:1) to select eligible controls from insurance research data in Taiwan. We applied multivariable logistic regressions to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of AMI associated with recent gastroenteritis within 14 days before AMI. We also compared the outcomes after AMI in patients with or without gastroenteritis. A total of 1381 patients (1.3%) with AMI had a prior episode of gastroenteritis compared to 829 (0.8%) among the controls. Gastroenteritis was significantly associated with a subsequent risk of AMI (adjusted OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.54–1.83), which was augmented in hospitalizations for gastroenteritis (adjusted OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.20–5.21). The outcomes after AMI were worse in patients with gastroenteritis than in those without gastroenteritis, including increased 30-day in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.52), medical expenditure, and length of hospital stay. Gastroenteritis may act as a trigger for AMI and correlates with worse post-AMI outcomes. Strategies of aggressive hydration and/or increased antithrombotic therapies for this susceptible population should be further developed.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1341gastroenteritisdehydrationacute myocardial infarctioncase-control studyhospitalization |
| spellingShingle | Ying-Hsuan Tai Ming-Long Chang Pao-Hsien Chu Chun-Chieh Yeh Yih-Giun Cherng Ta-Liang Chen Chien-Chang Liao Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study Journal of Clinical Medicine gastroenteritis dehydration acute myocardial infarction case-control study hospitalization |
| title | Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Gastroenteritis: A Nationwide Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with gastroenteritis a nationwide case control study |
| topic | gastroenteritis dehydration acute myocardial infarction case-control study hospitalization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1341 |
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