Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal
Background and objectives: Nepal has made progress with the control of HIV infection in recent years. There have been changes in epidemiology, programme interventions in different population groups, and changes in policies over the last 10 years, particularly in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Virus Eradication |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020310992 |
| _version_ | 1819138227240435712 |
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| author | Tarun Paudel Nihal Singh Megha Raj Banjara Sambhu Prasad Kafle Yadu Chandra Ghimire Bhesh Raj Pokharel Bir Bahadur Rawal Komal Badal Madhav Chaulagain Razia Narayan Pendse Prakash Ghimire |
| author_facet | Tarun Paudel Nihal Singh Megha Raj Banjara Sambhu Prasad Kafle Yadu Chandra Ghimire Bhesh Raj Pokharel Bir Bahadur Rawal Komal Badal Madhav Chaulagain Razia Narayan Pendse Prakash Ghimire |
| author_sort | Tarun Paudel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and objectives: Nepal has made progress with the control of HIV infection in recent years. There have been changes in epidemiology, programme interventions in different population groups, and changes in policies over the last 10 years, particularly in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this review was conducted to identify the effectiveness of different interventions/policies in different sub-populations at risk, targeted towards epidemiology and treatment outcomes for those with HIV infection in Nepal. Methods: This review was prepared based on a review of published and unpublished documents from the Nepalese HIV infection control programme, published articles in different journals, different survey reports including integrated bio-behavioural surveillance (IBBS) survey reports. Results: The prevalence of HIV infection among adults in 2014 was 0.20% with a progressive decreasing trend from 2005. The prevalence of HIV infection among injecting drug users (51.7% in 2005 and 6.4% in 2015 in Kathmandu valley) was relatively high in all years as compared to other risk groups. HIV infection prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics was higher in the year 2006 (0.25%) but there was a decreasing trend in the following years to 2015, when prevalence was 0.077%. Although different interventions were conducted to cover key populations at risk, the coverage in some risk population was very low. HIV testing status among the general population was very low (7.5% among males and 2.9% among females) in 2011. Only one-third of HIV-infected individuals were on ART in 2015, although this proportion has increased since 2005. The share of domestic budget among the total expenditure on HIV control program is below 15%. Conclusions: There is the need for implementation of control programmes more efficiently and effectively with expanding geographical and population coverage. Surveillance systems should be strengthened to get up-to-date information for evidence-based planning and developing strategies. The domestic budget for HIV control programme should be increased to improve their sustainability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:03:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11d21aca3560434587a72c22a8392b1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-6640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:03:25Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Virus Eradication |
| spelling | doaj.art-11d21aca3560434587a72c22a8392b1b2022-12-21T18:28:24ZengElsevierJournal of Virus Eradication2055-66402016-11-0123540Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in NepalTarun Paudel0Nihal Singh1Megha Raj Banjara2Sambhu Prasad Kafle3Yadu Chandra Ghimire4Bhesh Raj Pokharel5Bir Bahadur Rawal6Komal Badal7Madhav Chaulagain8Razia Narayan Pendse9Prakash Ghimire10National Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalCommunicable Diseases, WHO Country Office for Nepal, Lalitpur, NepalTribhuvan University, Central Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu, NepalNational Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalNational Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalNational Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalNational Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalUNAIDS, NepalNational Centre for AIDS and STI Control, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Government of NepalWorld Health Organization South East Asia Region, New Delhi, IndiaCommunicable Diseases, WHO Country Office for Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal; Corresponding author: Prakash Ghimire, WHO Country Office for Nepal, United Nations House, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, PO Box No. 108, NepalBackground and objectives: Nepal has made progress with the control of HIV infection in recent years. There have been changes in epidemiology, programme interventions in different population groups, and changes in policies over the last 10 years, particularly in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this review was conducted to identify the effectiveness of different interventions/policies in different sub-populations at risk, targeted towards epidemiology and treatment outcomes for those with HIV infection in Nepal. Methods: This review was prepared based on a review of published and unpublished documents from the Nepalese HIV infection control programme, published articles in different journals, different survey reports including integrated bio-behavioural surveillance (IBBS) survey reports. Results: The prevalence of HIV infection among adults in 2014 was 0.20% with a progressive decreasing trend from 2005. The prevalence of HIV infection among injecting drug users (51.7% in 2005 and 6.4% in 2015 in Kathmandu valley) was relatively high in all years as compared to other risk groups. HIV infection prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics was higher in the year 2006 (0.25%) but there was a decreasing trend in the following years to 2015, when prevalence was 0.077%. Although different interventions were conducted to cover key populations at risk, the coverage in some risk population was very low. HIV testing status among the general population was very low (7.5% among males and 2.9% among females) in 2011. Only one-third of HIV-infected individuals were on ART in 2015, although this proportion has increased since 2005. The share of domestic budget among the total expenditure on HIV control program is below 15%. Conclusions: There is the need for implementation of control programmes more efficiently and effectively with expanding geographical and population coverage. Surveillance systems should be strengthened to get up-to-date information for evidence-based planning and developing strategies. The domestic budget for HIV control programme should be increased to improve their sustainability.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020310992epidemiologyHIV infectioncontrol programmesgapsNepal |
| spellingShingle | Tarun Paudel Nihal Singh Megha Raj Banjara Sambhu Prasad Kafle Yadu Chandra Ghimire Bhesh Raj Pokharel Bir Bahadur Rawal Komal Badal Madhav Chaulagain Razia Narayan Pendse Prakash Ghimire Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal Journal of Virus Eradication epidemiology HIV infection control programmes gaps Nepal |
| title | Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal |
| title_full | Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal |
| title_short | Epidemiology of HIV, programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in Nepal |
| title_sort | epidemiology of hiv programmatic progress and gaps in last 10 years in nepal |
| topic | epidemiology HIV infection control programmes gaps Nepal |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020310992 |
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