In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) mole fractions were continuously measured from January 2009 to December 2011 at four atmospheric observatories in China using cavity ring-down spectroscopy instruments. The stations are Lin'an (LAN), Longfengshan (LFS), Shangdianzi (SDZ),...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2014-03-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/2541/2014/acp-14-2541-2014.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818310517809217536 |
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| author | S. X. Fang L. X. Zhou P. P. Tans P. Ciais M. Steinbacher L. Xu T. Luan |
| author_facet | S. X. Fang L. X. Zhou P. P. Tans P. Ciais M. Steinbacher L. Xu T. Luan |
| author_sort | S. X. Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) mole fractions were continuously
measured from January 2009 to December 2011 at four atmospheric
observatories in China using cavity ring-down spectroscopy instruments. The
stations are Lin'an (LAN), Longfengshan (LFS), Shangdianzi (SDZ), and
Waliguan (WLG), which are regional (LAN, LFS, SDZ) or global (WLG)
measurement stations of the World Meteorological Organization's Global
Atmosphere Watch program (WMO/GAW). LAN is located near the megacity of
Shanghai, in China's economically most developed region. LFS is in a forest
and rice production area, close to the city of Harbin in northeastern China.
SDZ is located 150 km northeast of Beijing. WLG, hosting the longest record
of measured CO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions in China, is a high-altitude site in
northwestern China recording background CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. The CO<sub>2</sub>
growth rates are 3.7 ± 1.2 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> for LAN, 2.7 ± 0.8 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup>
for LFS, 3.5 ± 1.6 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> for SDZ, and 2.2 ± 0.8 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup>
(1σ) for WLG during the period of 2009 to 2011.
The highest annual mean CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction of 404.2 ± 3.9 ppm was
observed at LAN in 2011. A comprehensive analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> variations,
their diurnal and seasonal cycles as well as the analysis of the influence
of local sources on the CO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions allows a characterization of
the sampling sites and of the key processes driving the CO<sub>2</sub> mole
fractions. These data form a basis to improve our understanding of
atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations in China and the underlying fluxes using
atmospheric inversion models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:47:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11deabb29b1c41bea6f1182827386178 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:47:20Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
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| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-11deabb29b1c41bea6f11828273861782022-12-21T23:54:47ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242014-03-011452541255410.5194/acp-14-2541-2014In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in ChinaS. X. Fang0L. X. Zhou1P. P. Tans2P. Ciais3M. Steinbacher4L. Xu5T. Luan6Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, ChinaChinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, ChinaEarth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO, USALaboratory for the Science of Climate and the Environment (LSCE), Paris, FranceEmpa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Duebendorf, SwitzerlandChinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, ChinaChinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing, ChinaAtmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) mole fractions were continuously measured from January 2009 to December 2011 at four atmospheric observatories in China using cavity ring-down spectroscopy instruments. The stations are Lin'an (LAN), Longfengshan (LFS), Shangdianzi (SDZ), and Waliguan (WLG), which are regional (LAN, LFS, SDZ) or global (WLG) measurement stations of the World Meteorological Organization's Global Atmosphere Watch program (WMO/GAW). LAN is located near the megacity of Shanghai, in China's economically most developed region. LFS is in a forest and rice production area, close to the city of Harbin in northeastern China. SDZ is located 150 km northeast of Beijing. WLG, hosting the longest record of measured CO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions in China, is a high-altitude site in northwestern China recording background CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. The CO<sub>2</sub> growth rates are 3.7 ± 1.2 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> for LAN, 2.7 ± 0.8 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> for LFS, 3.5 ± 1.6 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> for SDZ, and 2.2 ± 0.8 ppm yr<sup>−1</sup> (1σ) for WLG during the period of 2009 to 2011. The highest annual mean CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction of 404.2 ± 3.9 ppm was observed at LAN in 2011. A comprehensive analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> variations, their diurnal and seasonal cycles as well as the analysis of the influence of local sources on the CO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions allows a characterization of the sampling sites and of the key processes driving the CO<sub>2</sub> mole fractions. These data form a basis to improve our understanding of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> variations in China and the underlying fluxes using atmospheric inversion models.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/2541/2014/acp-14-2541-2014.pdf |
| spellingShingle | S. X. Fang L. X. Zhou P. P. Tans P. Ciais M. Steinbacher L. Xu T. Luan In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China |
| title_full | In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China |
| title_fullStr | In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China |
| title_short | In situ measurement of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> at the four WMO/GAW stations in China |
| title_sort | in situ measurement of atmospheric co sub 2 sub at the four wmo gaw stations in china |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/2541/2014/acp-14-2541-2014.pdf |
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