Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress
Most cultivated lands are suffering from soil salinization, which is a global problem affecting agricultural development and economy. High NaCl concentrations in the soil result in the accumulation of toxic Cl<sup>−</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> in plants. Na<sup>+</sup&g...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/264 |
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| author | Jianmei Dong Cuiyu Liu Yuying Wang Yujie Zhao Dapeng Ge Zhaohe Yuan |
| author_facet | Jianmei Dong Cuiyu Liu Yuying Wang Yujie Zhao Dapeng Ge Zhaohe Yuan |
| author_sort | Jianmei Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most cultivated lands are suffering from soil salinization, which is a global problem affecting agricultural development and economy. High NaCl concentrations in the soil result in the accumulation of toxic Cl<sup>−</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> in plants. Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter (NHX) can regulate Na<sup>+</sup> compartmentalization or efflux to reduce Na<sup>+</sup> toxicity. This study aims to identify the <i>NHX</i> genes in pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.) from the genome sequences and investigate their expression patterns under different concentrations of NaCl stress. In this study, we used the sequences of <i>PgNHXs</i> to analyze the physicochemical properties, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, gene structures, <i>cis</i>-acting elements, protein tertiary structure and expression pattern. A total of 10 <i>PgNHX</i> genes were identified, and divided into three clades. Conserved motifs and gene structures showed that most of them had an amiloride-binding site (FFI/LY/FLLPPI), except for the members of clade III. There were multiple <i>cis</i>-acting elements involved in abiotic stress in <i>PgNHX</i> genes. Additionally, protein-protein interaction network analysis suggested that <i>PgNHXs</i> might play crucial roles in keeping a balance of Na<sup>+</sup> in cells. The qRT-PCR analysis suggested that <i>PgNHXs</i> had tissue-specific expressional patterns under salt stress. Overall, our findings indicated that the <i>PgNHXs</i> could play significant roles in response to salt stress. The theoretical foundation was established in the present study for the further functional characterization of the NHX gene family in pomegranate. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:20:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-11eafeb2e7cf48808ec66ced86f8af8f2023-12-03T11:46:30ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-01-0111226410.3390/agronomy11020264Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt StressJianmei Dong0Cuiyu Liu1Yuying Wang2Yujie Zhao3Dapeng Ge4Zhaohe Yuan5Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaMost cultivated lands are suffering from soil salinization, which is a global problem affecting agricultural development and economy. High NaCl concentrations in the soil result in the accumulation of toxic Cl<sup>−</sup> and Na<sup>+</sup> in plants. Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter (NHX) can regulate Na<sup>+</sup> compartmentalization or efflux to reduce Na<sup>+</sup> toxicity. This study aims to identify the <i>NHX</i> genes in pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.) from the genome sequences and investigate their expression patterns under different concentrations of NaCl stress. In this study, we used the sequences of <i>PgNHXs</i> to analyze the physicochemical properties, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs, gene structures, <i>cis</i>-acting elements, protein tertiary structure and expression pattern. A total of 10 <i>PgNHX</i> genes were identified, and divided into three clades. Conserved motifs and gene structures showed that most of them had an amiloride-binding site (FFI/LY/FLLPPI), except for the members of clade III. There were multiple <i>cis</i>-acting elements involved in abiotic stress in <i>PgNHX</i> genes. Additionally, protein-protein interaction network analysis suggested that <i>PgNHXs</i> might play crucial roles in keeping a balance of Na<sup>+</sup> in cells. The qRT-PCR analysis suggested that <i>PgNHXs</i> had tissue-specific expressional patterns under salt stress. Overall, our findings indicated that the <i>PgNHXs</i> could play significant roles in response to salt stress. The theoretical foundation was established in the present study for the further functional characterization of the NHX gene family in pomegranate.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/264pomegranateNHX gene familysalt stressphylogenetic analysisexpression pattern |
| spellingShingle | Jianmei Dong Cuiyu Liu Yuying Wang Yujie Zhao Dapeng Ge Zhaohe Yuan Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress Agronomy pomegranate NHX gene family salt stress phylogenetic analysis expression pattern |
| title | Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Identification of the NHX Gene Family in <i>Punica granatum</i> L. and Their Expressional Patterns under Salt Stress |
| title_sort | genome wide identification of the nhx gene family in i punica granatum i l and their expressional patterns under salt stress |
| topic | pomegranate NHX gene family salt stress phylogenetic analysis expression pattern |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/264 |
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