Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode
Abstract Host-parasite interactions exert strong selection pressures on the genomes of both host and parasite. These interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection, a form of balancing selection that is hypothesised to explain the high levels of polymorphism seen in many host immune...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43556-w |
| _version_ | 1797414636950126592 |
|---|---|
| author | Lewis Stevens Isaac Martínez-Ugalde Erna King Martin Wagah Dominic Absolon Rowan Bancroft Pablo Gonzalez de la Rosa Jessica L. Hall Manuela Kieninger Agnieszka Kloch Sarah Pelan Elaine Robertson Amy B. Pedersen Cei Abreu-Goodger Amy H. Buck Mark Blaxter |
| author_facet | Lewis Stevens Isaac Martínez-Ugalde Erna King Martin Wagah Dominic Absolon Rowan Bancroft Pablo Gonzalez de la Rosa Jessica L. Hall Manuela Kieninger Agnieszka Kloch Sarah Pelan Elaine Robertson Amy B. Pedersen Cei Abreu-Goodger Amy H. Buck Mark Blaxter |
| author_sort | Lewis Stevens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Host-parasite interactions exert strong selection pressures on the genomes of both host and parasite. These interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection, a form of balancing selection that is hypothesised to explain the high levels of polymorphism seen in many host immune and parasite antigen loci. Here, we sequence the genomes of several individuals of Heligmosomoides bakeri, a model parasite of house mice, and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, a closely related parasite of wood mice. Although H. bakeri is commonly referred to as H. polygyrus in the literature, their genomes show levels of divergence that are consistent with at least a million years of independent evolution. The genomes of both species contain hyper-divergent haplotypes that are enriched for proteins that interact with the host immune response. Many of these haplotypes originated prior to the divergence between H. bakeri and H. polygyrus, suggesting that they have been maintained by long-term balancing selection. Together, our results suggest that the selection pressures exerted by the host immune response have played a key role in shaping patterns of genetic diversity in the genomes of parasitic nematodes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:36:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11ee01788db84224a4f03e8a611535fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:36:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-11ee01788db84224a4f03e8a611535fa2023-12-03T12:28:11ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232023-11-0114111910.1038/s41467-023-43556-wAncient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematodeLewis Stevens0Isaac Martínez-Ugalde1Erna King2Martin Wagah3Dominic Absolon4Rowan Bancroft5Pablo Gonzalez de la Rosa6Jessica L. Hall7Manuela Kieninger8Agnieszka Kloch9Sarah Pelan10Elaine Robertson11Amy B. Pedersen12Cei Abreu-Goodger13Amy H. Buck14Mark Blaxter15Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteFaculty of Biology, University of WarsawTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteInstitute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghInstitute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghTree of Life, Wellcome Sanger InstituteAbstract Host-parasite interactions exert strong selection pressures on the genomes of both host and parasite. These interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection, a form of balancing selection that is hypothesised to explain the high levels of polymorphism seen in many host immune and parasite antigen loci. Here, we sequence the genomes of several individuals of Heligmosomoides bakeri, a model parasite of house mice, and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, a closely related parasite of wood mice. Although H. bakeri is commonly referred to as H. polygyrus in the literature, their genomes show levels of divergence that are consistent with at least a million years of independent evolution. The genomes of both species contain hyper-divergent haplotypes that are enriched for proteins that interact with the host immune response. Many of these haplotypes originated prior to the divergence between H. bakeri and H. polygyrus, suggesting that they have been maintained by long-term balancing selection. Together, our results suggest that the selection pressures exerted by the host immune response have played a key role in shaping patterns of genetic diversity in the genomes of parasitic nematodes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43556-w |
| spellingShingle | Lewis Stevens Isaac Martínez-Ugalde Erna King Martin Wagah Dominic Absolon Rowan Bancroft Pablo Gonzalez de la Rosa Jessica L. Hall Manuela Kieninger Agnieszka Kloch Sarah Pelan Elaine Robertson Amy B. Pedersen Cei Abreu-Goodger Amy H. Buck Mark Blaxter Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode Nature Communications |
| title | Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| title_full | Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| title_fullStr | Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| title_short | Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| title_sort | ancient diversity in host parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43556-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lewisstevens ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT isaacmartinezugalde ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT ernaking ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT martinwagah ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT dominicabsolon ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT rowanbancroft ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT pablogonzalezdelarosa ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT jessicalhall ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT manuelakieninger ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT agnieszkakloch ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT sarahpelan ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT elainerobertson ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT amybpedersen ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT ceiabreugoodger ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT amyhbuck ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode AT markblaxter ancientdiversityinhostparasiteinteractiongenesinamodelparasiticnematode |