Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review
Polyglycerols (PGs) are biocompatible and highly functional polyols with a wide range of applications, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers and antimicrobial agents, in many industries including cosmetics, food, plastic and biomedical. The demand increase for biobased PGs encourages researchers to devel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/1021 |
| _version_ | 1797554535173980160 |
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| author | Negisa Ebadipour Sébastien Paul Benjamin Katryniok Franck Dumeignil |
| author_facet | Negisa Ebadipour Sébastien Paul Benjamin Katryniok Franck Dumeignil |
| author_sort | Negisa Ebadipour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyglycerols (PGs) are biocompatible and highly functional polyols with a wide range of applications, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers and antimicrobial agents, in many industries including cosmetics, food, plastic and biomedical. The demand increase for biobased PGs encourages researchers to develop new catalytic systems for glycerol polymerization. This review focuses on alkaline homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The performances of the alkaline catalysts are compared in terms of conversion and selectivity, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are commented. While homogeneous catalysts exhibit a high catalytic activity, they cannot be recycled and reused, whereas solid catalysts can be partially recycled. The key issue for heterogenous catalytic systems, which is unsolved thus far, is linked to their instability due to partial dissolution in the reaction medium. Further, this paper also reviews the proposed mechanisms of glycerol polymerization over alkaline-based catalysts and discusses the various operating conditions with an impact on performance. More particularly, temperature and amount of catalyst are proven to have a significant influence on glycerol conversion and on its polymerization extent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:33:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-11f1d8ea2498401c9d2e564c55a83017 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:33:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-11f1d8ea2498401c9d2e564c55a830172023-11-20T12:34:37ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442020-09-01109102110.3390/catal10091021Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A ReviewNegisa Ebadipour0Sébastien Paul1Benjamin Katryniok2Franck Dumeignil3Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, FranceUniv. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, FranceUniv. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, FranceUniv. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181–UCCS–Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, FrancePolyglycerols (PGs) are biocompatible and highly functional polyols with a wide range of applications, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers and antimicrobial agents, in many industries including cosmetics, food, plastic and biomedical. The demand increase for biobased PGs encourages researchers to develop new catalytic systems for glycerol polymerization. This review focuses on alkaline homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The performances of the alkaline catalysts are compared in terms of conversion and selectivity, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are commented. While homogeneous catalysts exhibit a high catalytic activity, they cannot be recycled and reused, whereas solid catalysts can be partially recycled. The key issue for heterogenous catalytic systems, which is unsolved thus far, is linked to their instability due to partial dissolution in the reaction medium. Further, this paper also reviews the proposed mechanisms of glycerol polymerization over alkaline-based catalysts and discusses the various operating conditions with an impact on performance. More particularly, temperature and amount of catalyst are proven to have a significant influence on glycerol conversion and on its polymerization extent.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/1021glycerol polymerizationpolyglycerolalkaline catalystmechanism |
| spellingShingle | Negisa Ebadipour Sébastien Paul Benjamin Katryniok Franck Dumeignil Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review Catalysts glycerol polymerization polyglycerol alkaline catalyst mechanism |
| title | Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review |
| title_full | Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review |
| title_short | Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review |
| title_sort | alkaline based catalysts for glycerol polymerization reaction a review |
| topic | glycerol polymerization polyglycerol alkaline catalyst mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/1021 |
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