Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria
Background: Urogenital schistosomiasis (UgS) is a parasitic disease caused by 'Schistosoma haematobium' and can lead to chronic ill-health. Nigeria is endemic for schistosomiasis, but epidemiology of UgS has not been studied in most states. This study was conceived with the aim to contribu...
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| Format: | Article |
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Ubiquity Press
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Annals of Global Health |
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| Online Access: | https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/3704 |
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| author | J. B. Balogun B. Adewale S. U. Balogun A. Lawan I. S. Haladu M. M. Dogara A. U. Aminu C. R. Caffrey H. P. De Koning Y. Watanabe E. O. Balogun |
| author_facet | J. B. Balogun B. Adewale S. U. Balogun A. Lawan I. S. Haladu M. M. Dogara A. U. Aminu C. R. Caffrey H. P. De Koning Y. Watanabe E. O. Balogun |
| author_sort | J. B. Balogun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Urogenital schistosomiasis (UgS) is a parasitic disease caused by 'Schistosoma haematobium' and can lead to chronic ill-health. Nigeria is endemic for schistosomiasis, but epidemiology of UgS has not been studied in most states. This study was conceived with the aim to contribute towards an accurate national picture of UgS in Nigeria. The prevalence of UgS and the associated risk factors were for the first time investigated among primary school pupils in Jidawa and Zobiya communities of the Dutse Local Government Area (LGAs) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Method: Focus group discussions with teachers and parents were conducted. After obtaining written consent from parents, questionnaires were administered to pupils to obtain socio-demographic data and information on water contact activities. Urine samples (279) were collected and processed by the urine filtration technique to evaluate haematuria and the presence of 'S. haematobium' eggs. Results: Prevalences of 65.7% (90/137) and 69.0% (98/142) were recorded in the Jidawa and Zobiya communities, respectively. In both communities, there was a significant association between gender and UgS: 63.3% of the infected pupils were males as compared to 36.7% females (χ2 = 5.42, p = 0.020). Grade 5 students had a significantly higher prevalence (χ2 = 17.919, p = 0.001) (80.0%) compared to those in grades 2, 3, 4, and 6 (63.8%, 66.7%, 61.5%, and 64.6%, respectively). Water contact activities showed that pupils involved in fishing, irrigation, and swimming were at greater risk of becoming infected in Jidawa and Zobiya, with odds ratios (risk factors) of 5.4 (0.994–28.862) and 4.1 (1.709–9.862), respectively (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Both the Jidawa and Zobiya communities of the Dutse LGAs of Jigawa State are hyperendemic for UgS. In collaboration with the State Ministry of Health, mass administration of praziquantel was carried out in the Jidawa and Zobiya communities after this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T18:45:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-11f665d6488c49f6b0ea9855e9ed7c1f2022-12-22T03:20:36ZengUbiquity PressAnnals of Global Health2214-99962022-08-0188110.5334/aogh.37042781Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, NigeriaJ. B. Balogun0B. Adewale1S. U. Balogun2A. Lawan3I. S. Haladu4M. M. Dogara5A. U. Aminu6C. R. Caffrey7H. P. De Koning8Y. Watanabe9E. O. Balogun10Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa StateDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Nigerian Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Lagos StateDepartment of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa StateDepartment of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa StateDepartment of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa StateDepartment of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa StateJigawa State Ministry of Health, Block B, New Complex Secretariat, Takur Dutse, Jigawa StateCenter for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TADepartment of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, US; Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JP; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 2222, Kaduna StateBackground: Urogenital schistosomiasis (UgS) is a parasitic disease caused by 'Schistosoma haematobium' and can lead to chronic ill-health. Nigeria is endemic for schistosomiasis, but epidemiology of UgS has not been studied in most states. This study was conceived with the aim to contribute towards an accurate national picture of UgS in Nigeria. The prevalence of UgS and the associated risk factors were for the first time investigated among primary school pupils in Jidawa and Zobiya communities of the Dutse Local Government Area (LGAs) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. Method: Focus group discussions with teachers and parents were conducted. After obtaining written consent from parents, questionnaires were administered to pupils to obtain socio-demographic data and information on water contact activities. Urine samples (279) were collected and processed by the urine filtration technique to evaluate haematuria and the presence of 'S. haematobium' eggs. Results: Prevalences of 65.7% (90/137) and 69.0% (98/142) were recorded in the Jidawa and Zobiya communities, respectively. In both communities, there was a significant association between gender and UgS: 63.3% of the infected pupils were males as compared to 36.7% females (χ2 = 5.42, p = 0.020). Grade 5 students had a significantly higher prevalence (χ2 = 17.919, p = 0.001) (80.0%) compared to those in grades 2, 3, 4, and 6 (63.8%, 66.7%, 61.5%, and 64.6%, respectively). Water contact activities showed that pupils involved in fishing, irrigation, and swimming were at greater risk of becoming infected in Jidawa and Zobiya, with odds ratios (risk factors) of 5.4 (0.994–28.862) and 4.1 (1.709–9.862), respectively (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Both the Jidawa and Zobiya communities of the Dutse LGAs of Jigawa State are hyperendemic for UgS. In collaboration with the State Ministry of Health, mass administration of praziquantel was carried out in the Jidawa and Zobiya communities after this study.https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/3704prevalencerisk factorspupilsschistosomiasisschistosoma eggs |
| spellingShingle | J. B. Balogun B. Adewale S. U. Balogun A. Lawan I. S. Haladu M. M. Dogara A. U. Aminu C. R. Caffrey H. P. De Koning Y. Watanabe E. O. Balogun Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria Annals of Global Health prevalence risk factors pupils schistosomiasis schistosoma eggs |
| title | Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria |
| title_full | Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria |
| title_short | Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Primary School Pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya Communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria |
| title_sort | prevalence and associated risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in the jidawa and zobiya communities of jigawa state nigeria |
| topic | prevalence risk factors pupils schistosomiasis schistosoma eggs |
| url | https://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/3704 |
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