Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty
In April 2020, 232 tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were found in Sundayuan, Heze City. In total, 141 pottery figurines of significant historical, cultural, and artistic value were unearthed from the tombs. Some of the figurines are currently being stored in warehouses, and the surface of some of th...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.956774/full |
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| author | Yu Wang Cen Wang Xinyu Yang Kaixuan Ma Peifeng Guo Qirui Sun Shili Jia Jiao Pan Jiao Pan |
| author_facet | Yu Wang Cen Wang Xinyu Yang Kaixuan Ma Peifeng Guo Qirui Sun Shili Jia Jiao Pan Jiao Pan |
| author_sort | Yu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In April 2020, 232 tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were found in Sundayuan, Heze City. In total, 141 pottery figurines of significant historical, cultural, and artistic value were unearthed from the tombs. Some of the figurines are currently being stored in warehouses, and the surface of some of the figurines show fungal deterioration. To thoroughly analyze the fungal deterioration on the surface of the pottery figurines and find appropriate control methods, we used high-through sequencing, scanning electron microscopy observation, pure cultures of culturable fungi, and optical microscopy observation and molecular identification of culturable fungi. We conducted fungistatic and simulation experiments in the laboratory to find appropriate control methods. We found that the fungi on the surface of the figurines were mainly of the phylum Ascomycota, and a few fungi were of the phyla Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota. We isolated seven culturable fungal strains and observed their colony morphology. The seven fungal strains were Lecanicillium aphanocladii, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Clonostachys rosea, Mortierella sp., Mortierella alpina, Aspergillus flavus, and Cladosporium halotolerans. Through the fungistatic and simulation experiments conducted in the laboratory, we found that 50 mg/ml cinnamaldehyde and 0.5% K100 (2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) have a good fungistatic effect. They can not only inhibit the growth of fungi on medium, but also inhibit the growth of fungi on the surface of pottery figurines. This study has good reference significance for the analysis and control of fungal deterioration of unearthed pottery figurines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:01:01Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:01:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-11f82156d0c94cf7ba2bac76fb7ab3392022-12-22T04:00:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-08-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.956774956774Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han DynastyYu Wang0Cen Wang1Xinyu Yang2Kaixuan Ma3Peifeng Guo4Qirui Sun5Shili Jia6Jiao Pan7Jiao Pan8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaInstitute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan, ChinaDepartment of Cultural Relics and Museums, College of History and Culture, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, ChinaInstitute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, ChinaIn April 2020, 232 tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were found in Sundayuan, Heze City. In total, 141 pottery figurines of significant historical, cultural, and artistic value were unearthed from the tombs. Some of the figurines are currently being stored in warehouses, and the surface of some of the figurines show fungal deterioration. To thoroughly analyze the fungal deterioration on the surface of the pottery figurines and find appropriate control methods, we used high-through sequencing, scanning electron microscopy observation, pure cultures of culturable fungi, and optical microscopy observation and molecular identification of culturable fungi. We conducted fungistatic and simulation experiments in the laboratory to find appropriate control methods. We found that the fungi on the surface of the figurines were mainly of the phylum Ascomycota, and a few fungi were of the phyla Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota. We isolated seven culturable fungal strains and observed their colony morphology. The seven fungal strains were Lecanicillium aphanocladii, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Clonostachys rosea, Mortierella sp., Mortierella alpina, Aspergillus flavus, and Cladosporium halotolerans. Through the fungistatic and simulation experiments conducted in the laboratory, we found that 50 mg/ml cinnamaldehyde and 0.5% K100 (2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) have a good fungistatic effect. They can not only inhibit the growth of fungi on medium, but also inhibit the growth of fungi on the surface of pottery figurines. This study has good reference significance for the analysis and control of fungal deterioration of unearthed pottery figurines.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.956774/fulltombs of the Western Han Dynastypottery figurinesfungal deteriorationfungistatic experimentcultural heritage protection |
| spellingShingle | Yu Wang Cen Wang Xinyu Yang Kaixuan Ma Peifeng Guo Qirui Sun Shili Jia Jiao Pan Jiao Pan Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty Frontiers in Microbiology tombs of the Western Han Dynasty pottery figurines fungal deterioration fungistatic experiment cultural heritage protection |
| title | Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty |
| title_full | Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty |
| title_fullStr | Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty |
| title_short | Analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty |
| title_sort | analysis and control of fungal deterioration on the surface of pottery figurines unearthed from the tombs of the western han dynasty |
| topic | tombs of the Western Han Dynasty pottery figurines fungal deterioration fungistatic experiment cultural heritage protection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.956774/full |
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