Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review
This scoping review evaluated 3D osteosarcoma (OS) models’ biomimicry, examining their ability to mimic the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their drug sensitivity. Adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the systematic search revealed 293 studies, with 70 selected for final analysis. Overall, 64% of 3D...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/164 |
| _version_ | 1797358982556286976 |
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| author | Vinesh Sandhu Deniz Bakkalci Siyi Wei Umber Cheema |
| author_facet | Vinesh Sandhu Deniz Bakkalci Siyi Wei Umber Cheema |
| author_sort | Vinesh Sandhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This scoping review evaluated 3D osteosarcoma (OS) models’ biomimicry, examining their ability to mimic the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their drug sensitivity. Adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the systematic search revealed 293 studies, with 70 selected for final analysis. Overall, 64% of 3D OS models were scaffold-based, compared to self-generated spheroid models. Scaffolds generated using native matrix were most common (42%) with collagen I/hydroxyapatite predominating. Both scaffold-based and scaffold-free models were used equally for drug screening. The sensitivity of cancer cells in 3D was reported to be lower than that of cells in 2D in ~90% of the drug screening studies. This correlates with the observed upregulation of drug resistance. OS cells cultured in extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic scaffolds and native biomaterials were more resistant than cells in 2D. Co-cultures of OS and stromal cells in 3D models enhanced osteogenic differentiation, ECM remodelling, mineralisation, and angiogenesis, suggesting that tumour–stroma crosstalk promotes disease progression. Seven studies demonstrated selective toxicity of chemotherapeutics towards OS cells while sparing stromal cells, providing useful evidence for developing biomimetic tumour–stroma models to test selective drug toxicity. In conclusion, this review highlights the need to enhance biomimicry in 3D OS models for TME recapitulation, especially in testing novel therapeutics. Future research should explore innovative 3D biomimetic models, biomaterials, and advancements in personalised medicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:10:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-120852b92add43c2b7103fc29a780618 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:10:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-120852b92add43c2b7103fc29a7806182024-01-10T14:52:53ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-12-0116116410.3390/cancers16010164Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping ReviewVinesh Sandhu0Deniz Bakkalci1Siyi Wei2Umber Cheema3Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), 74 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DE, UKUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, London W1W 7TS, UKUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, London W1W 7TS, UKUCL Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street, London W1W 7TS, UKThis scoping review evaluated 3D osteosarcoma (OS) models’ biomimicry, examining their ability to mimic the tumour microenvironment (TME) and their drug sensitivity. Adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, the systematic search revealed 293 studies, with 70 selected for final analysis. Overall, 64% of 3D OS models were scaffold-based, compared to self-generated spheroid models. Scaffolds generated using native matrix were most common (42%) with collagen I/hydroxyapatite predominating. Both scaffold-based and scaffold-free models were used equally for drug screening. The sensitivity of cancer cells in 3D was reported to be lower than that of cells in 2D in ~90% of the drug screening studies. This correlates with the observed upregulation of drug resistance. OS cells cultured in extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic scaffolds and native biomaterials were more resistant than cells in 2D. Co-cultures of OS and stromal cells in 3D models enhanced osteogenic differentiation, ECM remodelling, mineralisation, and angiogenesis, suggesting that tumour–stroma crosstalk promotes disease progression. Seven studies demonstrated selective toxicity of chemotherapeutics towards OS cells while sparing stromal cells, providing useful evidence for developing biomimetic tumour–stroma models to test selective drug toxicity. In conclusion, this review highlights the need to enhance biomimicry in 3D OS models for TME recapitulation, especially in testing novel therapeutics. Future research should explore innovative 3D biomimetic models, biomaterials, and advancements in personalised medicine.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/164osteosarcomatissue engineering3D modelbiomimicrydrug screeningstromal cells |
| spellingShingle | Vinesh Sandhu Deniz Bakkalci Siyi Wei Umber Cheema Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review Cancers osteosarcoma tissue engineering 3D model biomimicry drug screening stromal cells |
| title | Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review |
| title_full | Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review |
| title_short | Enhanced Biomimetics of Three-Dimensional Osteosarcoma Models: A Scoping Review |
| title_sort | enhanced biomimetics of three dimensional osteosarcoma models a scoping review |
| topic | osteosarcoma tissue engineering 3D model biomimicry drug screening stromal cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/164 |
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